Figure 7.
RGD-EV:siPDL1 synergizes with RT to enhance immune checkpoint blockade of GBM. GBM-bearing mice were primed with RT (or no radiation as a control) and 72 h later, i.v. injected with PBS or different EVs (RGD-EV:siPDL1, RGD-EV-siCtrl, scr-EV-siPDL1). (A) Fluc bioluminescence imaging in a representative mouse from each group is shown over time. (B) Quantification of tumor-associated Fluc radiance intensity with data presented as mean ± SEM; **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001, by One-way ANOVA. (C) Kaplan–Meier survival curves are shown (n = 10). *P < 0.05, ****P < 0.0001 by Mantel–Cox (log-rank) test.