Table 2.
List of completed clinical studies with Ayurvedic formulations.
| Formulation/ Compound | Study design | clinical phase | Intervention details | Outcome measures | Sample size | clinical study identifier | ||||||
| Dabur™ Chyawanprash (DCP) | Randomised, Parallel-Group Trial | N/A | Adults (13 −70 years): One teaspoonful (approx. 12 gm of Chyawanprash) twice daily, followed by milk Children (5–12 years): Half teaspoonful (approx. 6 gm of Chyawanprash) twice daily, followed by milk |
Comparative assessment of the incidence of COVID-19 in subjects who take DCP and those who do not take it for three months (90 days) | 600 | CTRI/2020/05/024,981 | ||||||
| AYUSH 64 | Randomised, Parallel Group, Active Controlled Trial | Phase 2/ Phase 3 | Capsules (500 mg each) thrice a day after food | Early recovery from COVID-19 infection | 80 | CTRI/2020/05/025,214 | ||||||
| Kabasura Kudineer | Randomised, Parallel-Group Trial | Phase 1/ 2 | Kabasura Kudineer 60 ml twice a day for 14 days | Reduction in Viral load, clinical recovery | 50 | CTRI2020/05/025,215 | ||||||
| Ashwagandha, | Randomised, Parallel-Group, Placebo-Controlled Trial | N/A | 500 mg twice a day after Breakfast/ Dinner | Reduction in viral load | 120 | CTRI/2020/05/025,273 | ||||||
| Giloy, | 1000 mg twice a day after Breakfast/ Dinner | |||||||||||
| Tulsi | 500 mg twice a day after Breakfast/Dinner | |||||||||||
| Anu Taila | 4 drops twice a day | |||||||||||
| Swasari Ras | 2 gm twice a day before Breakfast/ Dinner | |||||||||||
| Chyawanprash | Randomised, Parallel-Group Trial | Phase 3 | Twice a day - on an empty stomach in the morning at least 1 h before breakfast and in the evening two hours after dinner | Percentage of participants with SARS- Cov-2 positivity | 200 | CTRI/2020/05/025,275 | ||||||
| Sanshamani Vati, Nagaradi kwath, |
Single Arm Trial | Phase 3 | 1 gm twice a day with 50 ml kwath decoction | Time and number of patients transitioning from an asymptomatic to a symptomatic state | 50 | CTRI/2020/05/025,276 | ||||||
| Amalaki Churna, | 3 gm with water once a day at 5 pm, for 14 days | |||||||||||
| Golden Milk | Once daily, 9 pm, for 14 days | |||||||||||
| Tab PINAK | Single Arm Trial | Phase 2 | Moderate to severe illness: 4 times a day for five days; Mild: 3 times a day for five days. | Early recovery and reduced mortality | 30 | CTRI/2020/05/025,326 | ||||||
| AYUSH-64 | Single Arm Trial | Phase 3 | 2 Tablets (500 mg) thrice daily | Clinical recovery | 40 | CTRI/2020/05/025,335 | ||||||
| AYUSH −64 | Single Arm Trial | Phase 2/ Phase 3 | 2 Tablets (500 mg each) thrice a day after food | Early recovery and changes in liver enzymes, Renal functions | 40 | CTRI/2020/05/025,338 | ||||||
| Guduchi Ghan Vati | Non-randomised, Multiple Arm Trial | N/A | 500 mg two times a day for 30 days. | Comparative assessment of incidence of infection in clinically stable participants in the community who have already identified at least one confirmed case with the standard prophylaxis control arm | 30,000 | CTRI/2020/05/025,385 | ||||||
| Curcumin with black pepper | Randomised, Parallel-Group Trial | N/A | 525 mg. Two to four tablets a day. | Variations in d-Dimer, CRP, LDH, CBC, Ferritin, Troponin, cardiac myoglobin, PT INR, clinical improvement. | 50 | CTRI/2020/05/025,482 | ||||||
| CLEVIRA | Randomised, Parallel-Group Trial | Phase 3 / Phase 4 |
Tablet twice daily for 14 days | Recovery and reduction of viral load | 100 | CTRI/2020/05/025,483 | ||||||
| Ashwagandha (Shakti) | Single Arm Trial | Phase 3/ Phase 4 | 5 drops three times a day | Early clinical recovery | 50 | CTRI/2020/06/025,592 | ||||||
| Amruth, | 1 tablet twice a day | |||||||||||
| Turmeric, | 1 tablet twice a day | |||||||||||
| Tulsi | 10 drops thrice a day | |||||||||||
| Shunthi | Randomised, Parallel Group, Active Controlled Trial | Phase 2 | 10 day treatment 2 gm twice daily |
To minimize the likelihood of disease progression in terms of severity. Reduction of viral load and clinical recovery |
120 | CTRI/2020/06/025,800 | ||||||
| Rasona | 1 gm once daily | |||||||||||
| Vyaghryadi Kashaya | 50 ml twice daily | |||||||||||
| Samshamani Vati | 500 mg twice daily | |||||||||||
| Agnikumara Rasa | 125 mg twice daily | |||||||||||
| Septilin and Bresol | Randomised, Parallel Group, Active Controlled Trial | Phase 2/ Phase 3 | One tablet twice daily from day one upto14 days. | Early recovery and changes in liver enzymes, Renal functions To minimize the likelihood of disease progression in terms of severity. |
40 | CTRI/2020/06/025,801 | ||||||
| AYUSH-64 | Randomised, Parallel-Group Trial | Phase 2 | 2 Capsules of 500 mg thrice daily for 14 days | Recovery. | 200 | CTRI/2020/06/025,855 | ||||||
| Kabasura Kudineer | Non-randomised, Multiple Arm Trial | Phase 2 | 60 ml twice a day, before food. | Resolution of Symptoms and recovery | 200 | CTRI/2020/06/025,856 | ||||||
| Vasantha kusumakaram | 1 tablet twice a day, after food. | |||||||||||
| Thippili Rasayanam | 2 g twice a day, after food. | |||||||||||
| Adathodai Manapagu | 15 ml twice a day with 30 ml lukewarm water, after food for 14 days | |||||||||||
| Arogya Kashayam-20 | Randomised, Parallel Group, Active Controlled Trial | Phase 2 | 100 ml Twice a day for ten days | Check the progression of the disease | 100 | CTRI/2020/06/026,221 | ||||||
| Dashamula Kwatha, Pathyadi Kwatha, Trikatu Churna |
Randomised, Parallel Group, Active Controlled Trial | N/A | Decoction of 20 ml each of the Kwathas and 2 gm Trikatu Churna twice a day on an empty stomach | Clinical recovery | 25 | CTRI/2020/07/026,433 | ||||||
| Sansamani Vati, | 500 mg two tablets twice a day after meal, | |||||||||||
| AYUSH-64, | Two tablets twice a day after a meal, | |||||||||||
| Yastimadhu Ghanavati | One chewable tablet (500 mg) six times a day every two hours in a daytime | |||||||||||
| Immusante and Guduchi | Randomised, Parallel Group, Active Controlled Trial | Phase 3 | Each tablet: 1 tablet twice daily for 30 days | Improvement in the immune status based on the adapted Immune status | 100 | CTRI/2020/07/026,579 | ||||||
| Surasadi Kadha, | Single Arm Trial | Phase 2/ Phase 3 | 50 ml twice a day for seven days | Clinical recovery | 70 | CTRI/2020/07/026,601 | ||||||
| ViroNil, | Capsule (500 mg) daily for seven days | |||||||||||
| Bilvadi | Capsule twice a day for seven days | |||||||||||
| SSV Formulation | Randomised, Parallel Group, Active Controlled Trial | Phase 3 | Tablet of (500 mg), twice a day immediately after meals for ten days | Reduction of clinical symptoms and disease severity | 200 | CTRI/2020/07/026,839 | ||||||
| Guduchi Ghan vati | Randomised, Parallel Group, Active Controlled Trial | N/A | Two capsules/tablet (250 mg each) twice a day after food | Early recovery. | 30 | CTRI/2020/07/026,840 | ||||||
| Kabasura Kudineer, Nilavembu Kudineer | Double Blinded, Three arm, Single center, Placebo Controlled, Randomized Controlled Trial | N/A | Placebo or NVK or KSK, 60 ml Morning and Night after Food, along with standard Allopathy Treatment for 10 days. |
Reduction in viral load | 125 | CTRI/2020/08/027,286 | ||||||
| Immunofree | Randomised, Parallel-Group Trial | Phase 3/ Phase 4 | Two tablets 500 mg thrice a day for ten days | Early recovery. | 100 | CTRI/2020/08/026,957 | ||||||
| Reginmune | One capsule 750 mg twice a day for ten days | |||||||||||
| Nochi Kudineer Chooranam, | Randomised, Parallel Group, Active Controlled Trial | Phase 2 | Decoction – Two times daily before 30 min of meals for seven days | Reduction of viral load and clinical recovery | 100 | CTRI/2020/08/026,999 | ||||||
| Mahasudarsan Chooranam, |
5 gm – Two times daily after meals for seven days with warm water/ Honey. | |||||||||||
| Maldevi Chendooram, | 100 mg. Two Times daily, after meals for seven days with honey. | |||||||||||
| Adathodai Manapagu, | 10 ml- Morning and Evening for seven days. | |||||||||||
| Omatheeneeer | 10 ml –Twice daily with water after meals for seven days. | |||||||||||
| Shakthi, | N/A | Phase 3/ Phase 4 | 5 drops, three times a day | Changes in anti-oxidant biomarkers (Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, MalondialdehydeGlutathione) and Immune biomarkers (IFN-α, IFN- β) | 100 | CTRI/2020/08/027,009 | ||||||
| Amruth, | 1 tablet, two times a day | |||||||||||
| Turmeric Plus, | 1 tablet, two times a day | |||||||||||
| Tulsi Arka | 10 drops, three times a day | |||||||||||
| Ashwagandha Tablet, | Randomised, Parallel Group, Active Controlled Trial | Phase 2/ Phase 3 | 2 Tablets 250 mg each, twice a day, 2 hrs after food | Early recovery | 60 | CTRI/2020/08/027,224 | ||||||
| Shunti Capsule | 2 capsules 500 mg each, twice a day at least 30 min after food | |||||||||||
| T-AYU-HM Premium | Single Arm Trial | Phase 2 | 600 mg twice a day for 21 days | Changes in clinical symptoms | 30 | CTRI/2020/08/027,477 | ||||||
| Kabasura Kudineer, | Single Arm Trial | Decoction – Two times daily before 30 min of meals for seven days | Reduction in viral load and clinical symptoms | 20 | CTRI/2020/08/027,490 | |||||||
| Amukkara, | 2 tablets - Three times daily after meals for seven days | |||||||||||
| Thaleesadhivadagam, | 2 Chewable tablets – Three times daily after meals for seven days | |||||||||||
| Brammanandhabairavam, | 1 pill - Two times daily after meals for seven days | |||||||||||
| Adathodaimanapagu | 10 ml –Twice daily with warm water after meals for seven days | |||||||||||
| Kabasura Kudineer | Single Arm Trial | Phase 2 | Decoction – Twice daily 30 min before meals for 7 days | Reduction in viral load and clinical symptoms | 20 | CTRI/2020/08/027,491 | ||||||
| Amukkara Chooranam Mathirai | Two tablets - Thrice daily after meals for 7 days | |||||||||||
| Thaleesadhivadagam | Two tablets – Thrice daily after meals for 7 days | |||||||||||
| Brammanandhabairavam | One pill - Twice daily after meals for 7 days | |||||||||||
| Adathodaimanapagu | 10 ml –Twice daily with warm water after meals for 7 days | |||||||||||
| Elaeocarpus sylvestris var. ellipticus extract | Randomised, Parallel-Group, Placebo-Controlled Trial | Phase 2 | 480 mg per day orally for ten days | Early, changes in mental health, and changes in levels of prostaglandin E2, TNF α, and IL-6 | 60 | CTRI/2020/09/027,775 | ||||||
| Tulsi, | Randomised, Parallel-Group Trial | Phase 2/ Phase 3 | 1 tablet two times a day for 28 days, | Early recovery | 72 | CTRI/2020/09/027,914 | ||||||
| Giloy ki Ghanvati, | 1 tablet two times a day for 28 days | |||||||||||
| Kalmegh, | 1 tablet two times a day for 28 days | |||||||||||
| Dabur™ Chyawanprash | 1 teaspoonful (Approx 10–12 gs) two times a day for 28 days | |||||||||||
| AyurCoro-3 | Single Arm Trial | N/A | 10 ml of liquid, three times a day for one day, repeat every 15 days for three months | Clinical recovery | 120 | CTRI/2020/10/028,324 | ||||||
| AyurCoro-3 | Randomised, Parallel-Group Trial | Phase 3/ Phase 4 | 10 ml three times a day for three days. Medication for a day | Clinical recovery | 500 | CTRI/2020/10/028,333 | ||||||
| Bilwadi Yog, | Randomised, Parallel Group, Active Controlled Trial | Phase 3 | 1 gm twice a day | Early recovery from COVID-19 infection and reduction in viral load | 380 | CTRI/2020/10/028,437 | ||||||
| Kantakaryavaleha | 3 gm twice a day | |||||||||||
| *Shadangodak | 40 ml twice a day | |||||||||||
| NIFAy.C-19 (CONTAZAP) | Randomised, Parallel-Group Trial | Phase 3/ Phase 4 | 640 mg- 2 Capsules, twice daily after meal. | Clinical recovery | 120 | CTRI/2021/01/030,169 | ||||||
| Jeevaneeyam, Ojovardhini, Amrutha Sanjeevini |
Non-randomised, Active Controlled Trial | Phase 3/ Phase 4 | Twice a day after meal for 14 days |
Reduction in clinical symptoms and early recovery | 60 | CTRI/2021/02/031,353 | ||||||
| Kabasura Kudineer | Randomised Parallel | Phase 4 | Two tablets a day thrice before food | Early clincal recovery | 200 | CTRI/2021/04/032,755 | ||||||
| AEV01 (Kutki/ Picrorhizakurroa) | Randomised, Parallel-Group, Placebo-Controlled Trial | Phase 3 | Thrice daily orally after food for 30 days | Alleviation of COVID-19 symptoms. | 70 | CTRI/2021/04/032,804 | ||||||
| Zandu™ Chyawanprash, | Randomised, Parallel-Group Trial | Phase 2/ Phase 3 | 10–12 gm twice daily for 8 weeks | Clinical recovery. Comparative assessment of post-clinical recovery based on signs and symptoms. |
60 | CTRI/2021/01/030,733 | ||||||
| Zandu™ Pure Honey, | 1 teaspoonful twice daily for 8 weeks | |||||||||||
| *Trishun, | 1 tablet twice daily for 2 weeks | |||||||||||
| Immuzan | 2 tablets twice daily for 8 weeks | |||||||||||
| CIM-MEG19 | Non-randomised, Active Controlled Trial | Phase 2 | 2 Tablets twice daily after meal for 21 days | Recovery and improvement in WHO-QOL | 80 | CTRI/2021/05/033,472 | ||||||
| CIM-MEG19 | Randomised, Parallel Group, Active Controlled Trial | Phase 2 | Two tablets two times a day after meal | Changes in time to 2-point improvement (from time of enrolment) on the WHO ordinal scale | 80 | CTRI/2021/05/033,543 | ||||||
| NOQ19 | Randomised, Parallel Group-Placebo Controlled Trial | Phase 4 | Two tablets– Thrice daily after meals for 3 months | Prevention of COVID-19 and symptom severity in infected cases | 5000 | CTRI/2021/07/034,606 | ||||||
| NOQ19 | Randomised, Parallel Group-Placebo Controlled Trial | NA | Two tablets– Thrice daily for 14 days | Duration of hospital stay, resolution of symptoms, and early clinical recovery | 100 | CTRI/2022/01/039,370 | ||||||
| Amukkura chooranam | NA | Phase 2 | 5 gs, twice daily for 15 days | Prevention or reduction of post COVID-19 complications | 1409 | CTRI/2021/07/035,028 | ||||||
| NOQ19 | Randomised, Parallel Group-Placebo Controlled Trial | Phase 2 | Two tablets– Thrice daily for 10 days | Early clinical recovery and symptoms | 155 | CTRI/2021/08/036,025 | ||||||
| NOQ19 | Randomised, Parallel Group-Placebo Controlled Trial | Phase 3/ 4 | Two tablets-Three times a day for 14 days | Reduction in Viral load, clinical recovery | 40 | CTRI2021/10/037,423 | ||||||
| Guduchi Ghan Vati | Retrospective study | N/A | Two tablets (500 mg each) twice daily were given orally after meal for 28 days | Early recovery and reduction in viral load | 91 | NCT04480398 | ||||||
| Guduchi Ghan Vati | Single-arm study | N/A | Two tablets (1000 mg) twice daily for two weeks | Early recovery and reduction in viral load | 46 | NCT04542876 | ||||||
| Shanshamani Vati plus (Guduchi and Pipli) | Single Group Assignment | N/A | Shanshamani Vati Plus was given twice daily | Alleviation of symptoms | 26 | NCT04621903 | ||||||
| Ashwagandha, | Community-Based Participatory Research | N/A | 250 mg – 5 g based on age, weight and severity of symptoms | Early recovery | 28 | NCT04716647 | ||||||
| Giloy | 500 mg – 1 g based on age, weight and severity of symptoms | |||||||||||
| Tulsi | 500 mg–1 g based on age, weight and severity of symptoms | |||||||||||
| Guduchi Ghanvati | Non-Randomized | N/A | 500 mg of Samshamani vati or Giloy Ghanavati twice daily | Clinical recovery | 216 | NCT04920773 | ||||||