Table 2. Obstetrics and social related characteristics of mothers who gave birth at public hospitals in Sidama region, Southeast Ethiopia, 2020 (n = 405).

Variable	Category	Case (n = 135)		Control (n = 270)
		Frequency	%	Frequency	%	P
Gravidity	≥ 5	60	44.4%	128	52.6%	0.573
	< 5	75	55.6%	142	52.6%
Birth interval of this pregnancy	< 2 year	26	19.3%	19	7%	0.001
	≥ 2 year	109	80.7%	251	93%
Antenatal care follow up	No	41	30.4%	35	13%	0.001
	Yes	94	69.6%	235	87%
First antenatal care started	< 16 weeks	41	43.6%	119	50.6%	0.250
	≥ 16 weeks	53	56.4%	116	49.4%
Number of antenatal care	< 4	40	42.6%	121	51.5%	0.143
	≥ 4	54	57.4%	114	48.5%
Place of ANC follow up	Health post	18	19.1%	23	9.8%	0.040
	Health center	41	43.6%	129	54.9%
	Gov’t hospital, private clinic, and NGO	35	37.2%	83	35.3%
Danger sign of pregnancy advised	No	8	8.5%	18	7.7%	0.796
	Yes	86	91.5%	217	92.3%
History of preterm birth	Yes	21	15.6%	34	12.6%	0.412
	No	114	84.4%	236	87.4%
Pregnancy induced Hypertension	Yes	39	28.9%	23	8.5%	0.001
	No	96	71.1%	247	91.5%
Ante partum bleeding	Yes	11	8.1%	23	8.5%	0.899
	No	124	91.9%	247	91.5%
Premature rupture of membrane	Yes	29	21.5%	18	6.7%	0.001
	No	106	78.5%	252	93.3%
Physical intimate violence	Yes	41	30.4%	23	8.5%	0.001
	No	94	69.6%	247	91.5%

ANC; Antenatal care follows up, Gov’t hospital; Government hospital, NGO; Nongovernmental organization, %; Percentage.