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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Sci Med. 2021 Nov 25;293:114602. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114602

Table 2.

Associations of Covariates and Sociostructural Burdens with Odds of Latent Classes Incidents Compared to Minimal Stigma Class Incidents

Minimal Stigma
Select Social Stigma
Homonegativism
Multiform Racism
Compound Stigma
OR 95% CI OR 95% CI OR 95% CI OR 95% CI OR 95% CI
Covariates
 Age - - 0.92 [0.83, 1.02] 0.90 [0.80, 1.02] 1.08 [0.97, 1.21] 1.11 [0.96, 1.28]
 Black - - 0.69 [0.37, 1.30] 1.32 [0.66, 2.61] 2.59 [1.43, 4.70] 6.19 [2.73, 14.03]
 Afro-Latino - - 0.73 [0.37, 1.45] 0.96 [0.49, 1.90] 1.76 [0.96, 3.22] 3.64 [1.58, 8.39]
 Gay - - 2.01 [1.19, 3.41] 1.28 [0.74, 2.21] 1.28 [0.77, 2.14] 0.73 [0.38, 1.40]
 People living with HIV - - 0.74 [0.41, 1.36] 0.71 [0.34, 1.50] 0.70 [0.37, 1.32] 0.68 [0.30, 1.54]
Sociostructural Burden
 ≤High School Education - - 0.53 [0.33, 0.85] 0.66 [0.39, 1.12] 0.43 [0.26, 0.69] 0.43 [0.22, 0.86]
 Unemployment - - 1.04 [0.61, 1.78] 2.01 [1.17, 3.47] 2.13 [1.37, 3.32] 2.25 [1.27, 3.99]
 Sex Exchange - - 2.06 [1.01, 4.18] 2.17 [1.01, 4.65] 3.79 [1.92, 7.46] 3.61 [1.59, 8.21]
 Unmet Basic Needs - - 1.00 [0.83, 1.20] 1.07 [0.88, 1.30] 1.01 [0.85, 1.19] 1.08 [0.89, 1.30]
 Food Insecurity - - 1.71 [1.03, 2.85] 2.14 [1.22, 3.76] 1.98 [1.23, 3.19] 4.53 [2.50, 8.21]
 Unstable Housing - - 0.81 [0.35, 1.88] 1.83 [0.92, 3.61] 0.92 [0.48, 1.75] 2.05 [1.10, 3.84]
 History of Incarceration - - 0.79 [0.34, 1.82] 0.69 [0.32, 1.53] 0.62 [0.28, 1.38] 0.45 [0.18, 1.17]

Note. n=435, i=1949. OR=odds ratio; CI=confidence interval. Bold indicates a significant effect at p<.05. All variables are binary, excluding continuous age and unmet basic needs. All estimates are classification-error corrected using the R3STEP approach in Mplus v 8.4.