Table 2.
Patient outcome analyses before and after propensity score matching.
| Variables | Prematching | Postmatching | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-IVP group (n = 1576) | IVP group (n = 590) | p value | Non-IVP group (n = 531) | IVP group (n = 531) | p value | |
| Type of anesthesia, n (%) | 0.906 | 0.849 | ||||
| General anesthesia | 592 (37.6%) | 220 (37.3%) | 197 (37.1%) | 200 (37.7%) | ||
| Regional anesthesia | 984 (62.4%) | 370 (62.7%) | 334 (62.9%) | 331 (62.3%) | ||
| Duration of operation, mins | 99.7 ± 34.7 | 97.2 ± 34.6 | 0.130 | 99.8 ± 34.5 | 97.8 ± 35.0 | 0.352 |
| Intraoperative blood loss (mL) | 200 (100, 300) | 200 (100, 300) | 0.012∗ | 200 (100, 300) | 200 (100, 300) | 0.095 |
| VAS at discharge | 2.4 ± 1.1 | 1.5 ± 0.9 | <0.001∗ | 2.3 ± 1.1 | 1.8 ± 0.9 | <0.001∗ |
| NRS at discharge | 2.3 ± 1.1 | 1.4 ± 0.8 | <0.001∗ | 2.2 ± 1.1 | 1.8 ± 0.9 | <0.001∗ |
| Length of hospital stay | 14.7 ± 6.8 | 14.3 ± 6.0 | 0.255 | 14.3 ± 6.5 | 14.4 ± 6.1 | 0.815 |
| Delirium (Yes) | 128 (8.1%) | 48 (8.1%) | 0.992 | 85 (16.0%) | 48 (9.0%) | 0.001∗ |
| 30-day mortality | 14 (0.9%) | 5 (0.8%) | 0.928 | 6 (1.1%) | 5 (0.9%) | 0.762 |
| 90-day mortality | 25 (1.6%) | 8 (1.4%) | 0.697 | 10 (1.9%) | 8 (1.5%) | 0.634 |
| 12-month mortality | 109 (6.9%) | 37 (6.3%) | 0.594 | 39 (7.3%) | 37 (7.0%) | 0.812 |
|
| ||||||
| Functional outcomes | 0.984 | 0.033∗ | ||||
| Independent walking | 640 (40.6%) | 238 (40.3%) | 227 (42.7%) | 238 (44.8%) | ||
| Use of walking aids | 488 (31.0%) | 182 (30.8%) | 158 (29.8%) | 178 (33.5%) | ||
| Use of wheelchair | 92 (5.8%) | 32 (5.4%) | 34 (6.4%) | 41 (7.7%) | ||
| Bedridden | 40 (2.5%) | 17 (2.9%) | 15 (2.8%) | 7 (1.3%) | ||
| Death | 316 (20.1%) | 121 (20.5%) | 97 (18.3%) | 67 (12.6%) | ||
Values are presented as the number (%) or mean ± SD (standard deviation) or median (interquartile range). ∗p < 0.05, statistical significance. VAS, visual analog scores; NRS, numerical rating scores.