Table 4.
The association of pain scores (VAS and NRS) with gender, age, BMI, residence, smoking or drinking history, fracture type, ASA, mECM, Hb level at admission, GDS, FIM, and anxiety.
| Variables | VAS at admission | p value | NRS at admission | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | −0.011 | 0.595 | −0.004 | 0.836 |
| Age | 0.002 | 0.917 | 0.003 | 0.874 |
| Age group | 0.002 | 0.915 | 0.004 | 0.863 |
| BMI | 0.003 | 0.895 | −0.002 | 0.924 |
| Residence | −0.095 | <0.001∗ | −0.087 | <0.001∗ |
| Smoking history (Yes) | 0.209 | <0.001∗ | 0.201 | <0.001∗ |
| Drinking history (Yes) | 0.262 | <0.001∗ | 0.292 | <0.001∗ |
| Fracture type | 0.015 | 0.474 | 0.015 | 0.497 |
| ASA | 0.008 | 0.726 | 0.010 | 0.638 |
| mECM | −0.007 | 0.750 | −0.004 | 0.863 |
| Hb level at admission | 0.025 | 0.242 | 0.024 | 0.263 |
| GDS | −0.157 | <0.001∗ | −0.166 | <0.001∗ |
| FIM | −0.088 | <0.001∗ | −0.099 | <0.001∗ |
| Anxiety | 0.010 | 0.644 | 0.020 | 0.348 |
∗ p < 0.05, statistical significance. VAS, visual analog scores; NRS, numerical rating scores; BMI, body mass index; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; mECM, modified Elixhauser's Comorbidity Measure; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; FIM, functional independence measure.