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. 2022 Apr 20;13:2145. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-29855-8

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Vasa distribution in early embryogenesis. b Time-lapse images of the vegetal half of the Vasa-GFP (green) embryo during micromere formation (arrows) at the 8–16-cell stage presented as maximum 2D-projection. 2xmCherry-EMTB (magenta)²⁰ was used as counter-staining to visualize microtubules. These experiments were performed at least three independent times. Scale bars = 10 μm. c Kaede-Vasa enrichment model. Unphotoconverted Kaede-Vasa (green) on the spindle around the chromosomes is photoconverted and emits red fluorescence. Dynamics of photoconverted Kaede-Vasa were monitored over time to determine if Vasa enrichment in the micromeres was accomplished through differential degradation, translocation, or upregulation of translation on the micromere side of the spindle. If decreasing levels of photoconverted Kaede-Vasa on both sides of the spindle is complemented by an increase in unphotoconverted Kaede-Vasa on the micromere side of the spindle during anaphase, it suggests that upregulated translation is responsible for the asymmetric enrichment of Vasa in micromeres.