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. 2022 Apr 7;13:865988. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.865988

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Copyright © 2022 Liu, Sun, Xu, Qian, Hong, Xu, An, Xia, Hu and Wang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Forest plot of hazard ratio for disease-specific-survival (A) Association between use of metformin and DSS of bladder cancer. (B) Subgroup analysis based on whether it is multicenter. (C) Accumulation meta-analysis. (D) Association between use of metformin and DSS of bladder cancer after removing a study.