TABLE 2.
Univariate and multivariate analysis of prognostic variables.
| Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
|||
| Prognostic variables | HR (95%CIs) | P-value | HR (95%CIs) | P-value |
| Demographics | ||||
| Age | 1.0202 (1.0107–1.0298) | <0.001 | 1.0311 (1.0210–1.0412) | <0.001 |
| Gender (male) | 0.8262 (0.6605–1.0337) | 0.095 | ||
| Ethnicity (white) | 0.8842 (0.7070–1.1059) | 0.281 | ||
| Marital status (married) | 0.7588 (0.6066–0.9493) | 0.016 | 0.9003 (0.7134–1.1361) | 0.376 |
| Admission type (emergency) | 1.9761 (1.5869–2.4607) | <0.001 | 1.5111 (1.2015–1.9003) | <0.001 |
| BMI | 1.0115 (0.9946–1.0286) | 0.183 | ||
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension | 0.6050 (0.4719–0.7756) | <0.001 | 0.8510 (0.6567–1.1028) | 0.222 |
| Cardiac arrhythmia | 1.6120 (1.2618–2.0594) | <0.001 | 1.0437 (0.8053–1.3527) | 0.746 |
| Congestive heart failure | 1.1881 (0.9463–1.4916) | 0.138 | ||
| Valvular disease | 0.8345 (0.6481–1.074) | 0.161 | ||
| Pulmonary hypertension | 1.4850 (1.0128–2.1774) | 0.043 | 1.4136 (0.9557–2.0911) | 0.083 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 1.3267 (1.0494–1.6774) | 0.018 | 1.3048 (1.0243–1.6622) | 0.031 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 1.2580 (0.9621–1.6450) | 0.093 | ||
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1.2066 (0.9162–1.5891) | 0.181 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.0161 (0.8153–1.2665) | 0.887 | ||
| Renal disease | 1.1924 (0.9512–1.4947) | 0.127 | ||
| Severe liver disease | 2.5193 (1.6443–3.8598) | <0.001 | 1.8495 (1.1695–2.9249) | 0.009 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 1.1101 (1.0655–1.1565) | <0.001 | 0.9878 (0.9304–1.0488) | 0.689 |
| Laboratory variables | ||||
| NMLR | 1.0191 (1.0145–1.0238) | <0.001 | 1.0082 (1.0026–1.0138) | 0.004 |
| WBC | 1.0107 (1.0053–1.0161) | <0.001 | 1.0071 (0.9980–1.0164) | 0.126 |
| Monocyte | 1.0032 (1.0006–1.0058) | 0.016 | ||
| Neutrophil | 1.0003 (1.0002–1.0005) | <0.001 | ||
| Lymphocyte | 0.9998 (0.9985–1.0011) | 0.757 | ||
| Platelet | 1.0002 (0.9990–1.0014) | 0.742 | ||
| Hematocrit | 0.9861 (0.9703–1.0021) | 0.088 | ||
| Hemoglobin | 0.9287 (0.8857–0.9736) | 0.002 | ||
| MCH | 0.9786 (0.9373–1.0217) | 0.325 | ||
| MCHC | 0.8184 (0.7630–0.8778) | <0.001 | 0.9007 (0.8397–0.9661) | 0.003 |
| MCV | 1.0209 (1.0041–1.0380) | 0.015 | ||
| RBC | 0.8358 (0.7305–0.9563) | 0.009 | 0.9701 (0.8310–1.1325) | 0.701 |
| RDW | 1.0867 (1.0478–1.1271) | <0.001 | 0.9925 (0.9463–1.0411) | 0.759 |
| Troponin T | 1.0582 (1.0309–1.0861) | <0.001 | 1.0141 (0.9788–1.0507) | 0.439 |
| CKMB | 1.0026 (1.0015–1.0037) | <0.001 | 1.0025 (1.0012–1.0038) | <0.001 |
| Anion Gap | 1.0913 (1.0723–1.1107) | <0.001 | 1.0248 (1.0028–1.0474) | 0.027 |
| Bicarbonate | 0.9185 (0.8982–0.9393) | <0.001 | 1.0188 (0.9903–1.0480) | 0.200 |
| BUN | 1.0126 (1.0090–1.0161) | <0.001 | 1.0009 (0.9950–1.0069) | 0.763 |
| Calcium | 0.6404 (0.5633–0.7280) | <0.001 | 0.8890 (0.7725–1.0230) | 0.100 |
| Chloride | 0.9821 (0.9642–1.0003) | 0.054 | ||
| Creatinine | 1.0963 (1.0497–1.1450) | <0.001 | 0.9557 (0.8882–1.0282) | 0.225 |
| Glucose | 1.0022 (1.0015–1.0029) | <0.001 | 1.0010 (1.0002–1.0019) | 0.014 |
| Sodium | 0.9852 (0.9634–1.0074) | 0.190 | ||
| Potassium | 1.3402 (1.1658–1.5405) | <0.001 | 1.0826 (0.9390–1.2482) | 0.274 |
| Vital signs | ||||
| SBP | 0.9988 (0.9939–1.0038) | 0.648 | ||
| DBP | 1.0033 (0.9969–1.0097) | 0.313 | ||
| MBP | 0.9983 (0.9923–1.0044) | 0.588 | ||
| Heart rate | 1.0139 (1.0084–1.0194) | <0.001 | 1.0052 (0.9994–1.0110) | 0.081 |
| Respiratory rate | 1.0530 (1.0377–1.0685) | <0.001 | 1.0227 (1.0049–1.0407) | 0.012 |
| Temperature | 0.8796 (0.7821–0.9893) | 0.032 | 0.9295 (0.8391–1.0296) | 0.161 |
| SpO2 | 0.9550 (0.9374–0.9729) | <0.001 | 1.0036 (0.9813–1.0264) | 0.755 |
| Scoring systems | ||||
| SOFA | 1.1494 (1.1213–1.1783) | <0.001 | 1.0799 (1.0488–1.1119) | <0.001 |
| SIRS | 1.3286 (1.1673–1.5121) | <0.001 | 1.0424 (0.8964–1.2122) | 0.590 |
| Treatments | ||||
| PCI | 1.1405 (0.7873–1.6521) | 0.487 | ||
| CABG | 0.1261 (0.0850–0.1873) | <0.001 | 0.2090 (0.1379–0.3168) | <0.001 |
| IABP | 1.3426 (1.0102–1.7843) | 0.042 | 1.8537 (1.3544–2.5371) | <0.001 |
| RRT | 2.2502 (1.7582–2.8800) | <0.001 | 1.5353 (1.1668–2.0201) | 0.002 |
P-values less than 0.05 are indicated in bold. BMI, body mass index; WBC, white blood cell; NMLR, (neutrophil+monocyte)/lymphocyte ratio; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; RBC, red blood cell; RDW, red cell distribution width; CKMB, creatine kinase – MB isoenzyme; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MBP, mean blood pressure; SpO2, pulse oxygen saturation; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score; SIRS, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome score; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; RRT, renal replacement therapy.