Table 1.

Case I: comparison of physiological responses to COVID-19 surrounding the period of infection.

Variables	Pre-COVID-19 peak cardiovascular response, n = 4, mean (SD)	COVID-19 peak cardiovascular response, n = 3, mean (SD)	Post-COVID-19 peak cardiovascular response, n = 3 mean (SD)	T-test (pre-peak vs. peak)	T-test (peak vs. post-peak)	T-test (pre-peak vs. post-peak)
aHR, beats per minute (bpm)	64.66 (2.57)	72.04 (2.65)	63.42 (0.65)	p = 0.014**	p = 0.005***	p = 0.461
bHRV (RMSSD), millisecond (ms)	55.00 (8.52)	40.33 (2.08)	46.33 (0.58)	p = 0.036**	p = 0.009***	p = 0.147
cRR, count	14.41 (0.37)	14.71 (0.38)	13.63 (0.66)	p = 0.342	p = 0.069*	p = 0.101
Skin temperature deviation, Celsius	0.05 (0.12)	0.16 (0.28)	−0.21 (0.12)	p = 0.506	p = 0.107	p = 0.036**
Sleep duration, hours	8.53 (0.98)	8.21 (1.42)	8.89 (1.49)	p = 0.730	p = 0.596	p = 0.716
Stages of sleep, hours
Deep	2.09 (0.43)	1.77 (0.56)	2.73 (0.43)	p = 0.426	p = 0.078*	p = 0.110
dREM	1.82 (0.46)	1.65 (0.46)	2.17 (0.66)	p = 0.637	p = 0.326	p = 0.451
Light	3.90 (0.77)	4.03 (0.39)	3.12 (0.35)	p = 0.805	p = 0.038**	p = 0.167

^* p < 0.1,

^** p < 0.05, and

^***p < 0.01.

^aHR, resting heart rate.

^bHRV, resting heart rate variability.

^cRR, resting respiratory rate.

^dREM, rapid eye movement.