TABLE 1.
Characteristics of stroke patients and controls in prospective and retrospective case-control study.
| Nested case-control study |
Cross-sectional study |
|||||
| Stroke cases | Controls | P-value | Stroke cases | Controls | P-value | |
| N | 101 | 101 | 221 | 442 | ||
| Sex, men/women | 67/34 | 67/34 | – | 116/105 | 233/209 | 0.96 |
| Age, yrs | 62.7 ± 8.7 | 62.3 ± 8.5 | 0.73 | 64.2 ± 7.6 | 64.3 ± 7.6 | 0.89 |
| Ethnicity, Han/Others | Nov-90 | Apr-97 | 0.11 | 156/65 | 299/143 | 0.44 |
| Hypertension, yes/no | 81/20 | 81/20 | – | 172/49 | 342/100 | 0.9 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 160.8 ± 27.2 | 150.7 ± 19.8 | 0.003 | 145.9 ± 20.6 | 146.9 ± 19.8 | 0.55 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 89.2 ± 15.1 | 84.1 ± 9.9 | 0.005 | 85.2 ± 10.7 | 83.9 ± 10.5 | 0.12 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 24.8 ± 3.3 | 25.2 ± 3.3 | 0.39 | 25.2 ± 3.5 | 25.0 ± 3.6 | 0.48 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.5 ± 1.2 | 5.4 ± 0.9 | 0.63 | 5.2 ± 1.1 | 5.3 ± 0.9 | 0.13 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.8 ± 1.2 | 1.4 ± 0.9 | 0.03 | 1.7 ± 1.7 | 1.7 ± 1.7 | 0.59 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.45 ± 0.5 | 0.01 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 0.003 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.2 ± 0.9 | 3.1 ± 0.7 | 0.59 | 3.3 ± 0.9 | 3.3 ± 0.8 | 0.66 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 6.31 ± 2.2 | 6.0 ± 1.1 | 0.14 | 6.5 ± 2.6 | 6.0 ± 1.8 | 0.004 |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 48 (47.5) | 39 (38.6) | 0.26 | 107 (48.4) | 199 (45.0) | 0.41 |
| Current drinking, n (%) | 26 (25.7) | 29 (28.7) | 0.75 | 89 (40.3) | 185 (41.9) | 0.70 |
| Antihypertensive medications, n (%) | 43 (42.6) | 26 (25.7) | 0.02 | 114 (51.6) | 106 (24.0) | < 0.001 |
| Spermidine(nmol/L) | 182.8 (141.8–231.5) | 152.0 (124.3–193.0) | < 0.001 | 146.4 (77.4–289.6) | 54.4 (32.4–95.4) | < 0.001 |
SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.