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. 2022 Apr 6;6(4):e23657. doi: 10.2196/23657

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©Takahisa Ogawa, Luis Castelo-Branco, Kotaro Hatta, Chie Usui. Originally published in JMIR Formative Research (https://formative.jmir.org), 06.04.2022.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Formative Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://formative.jmir.org, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

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Association between step count and pain scale using restricted cubic splines. Four knots restricted the cubic spline curve. The curve showed an inflection point around 5000 steps.