Fig. 2.

Hypothesized effects of EPA+DHA on leptin and adiponectin. Although the exact mechanisms remain unclear, it has been suggested that supplementing diets with EPA+DHA decrease leptin levels and increase adiponectin levels through four main hypotheses: 1) Direct or indirect alteration in expression of the genes that encode for leptin and adiponectin (Lep and Adipoq, respectively) [10,12, 30–32]; 2) Reduction of adipocyte size [33,34]; 3) Decrease in adiposity [29,31,32]; and, 4) Improvement of insulin sensitivity [33,35].