Table 2. Difference in nEMG of each muscle by device and condition*.
| Muscle | Condition | BOSU (%) | WOBBLE BOARD (%) | POWER BOARD (%) | BLACKBOARD (%) | Inter-device differences† |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean; 95% CI (SD) | Mean; 95% CI (SD) | Mean; 95% CI (SD) | Mean; 95% CI (SD) | |||
| Gluteus maximus | Standing | 456.31; 263.01–649.60 (92.35) | 403.96; 256.86–551.07 (70.28) | 349.01;218.30–479.72 (62.45) | 186.74; 132.89–240.59 (25.73) | WB-BB |
| Squat‡ | 273.95; 124.41–423.48 (71.44) | 211.68; 169.80–253.56 (20.01) | 196.70; 153.67–239.74 (20.56) | 189.81; 135.11–244.51 (26.13) | ||
| Rectus femoris | Standing | 452.12; 295.21–609.02 (74.96) | 493.65; 268.62–718.67 (107.51) | 308.83; 193.32–424.34 (55.19) | 165.34; 102.91–227.76 (29.82) | BO-BB; WB-BB; PB-BB |
| Squat‡ | 221.00; 133.50–308.49 (41.80) | 176.62; 100.54–252.70 (36.35) | 149.05; 110.77–187.33 (18.29) | 123.57; 88.07–159.06 (16.96) | ||
| Tibialis anterior | Standing | 294.52; 194.03–395.02 (48.01) | 328.90; 180.12–477.69 (71.09) | 277.54; 151.74–403.34 (60.11) | 158.65; 58.75–258.55 (47.73) | BO-BB; WB-BB; PB-BB |
| Squat | 257.00; 153.66–360.34 (49.38) | 226.28; 165.00–287.57 (29.28) | 196.16; 139.01–253.31 (27.31) | 137.57; 99.81–175.33 (18.04) | ||
| Gastrocnemius medialis | Standing | 205.24; 147.70–262.78 (27.49) | 216.49; 134.62–298.36 (39.12) | 133.85; 105.86–161.83 (13.37) | 118.08; 94.13–142.03 (11.44) | BO-PB; WB-PB |
| Squat | 227.09; 167.64–286.54 (28.40) | 252.52; 173.04–332.00 (37.97) | 147.03; 90.47–203.58 (27.02) | 166.99; 73.10–260.88 (44.86) | ||
| Soleus | Standing | 252.12; 184.79–319.45 (32.17) | 256.24; 181.36–331.11 (35.77) | 180.33; 141.11–219.55 (18.74) | 143.44; 99.60–187.27 (20.94) | BO-PB; BO-BB; WB-PB; WB-BB |
| Squat‡ | 204.98; 145.98–263.98 (28.19) | 197.06; 134.45–259.67 (29.91) | 114.83; 90.54–139.13 (11.61) | 118.14; 81.50–154.78 (17.51) |
Notes.
*All values of devices are expressed in percent (normalized by EMG’s floor) † Abbreviations (BO = BOSU; WB: wobble board; PB = power board; BB = blackboard) indicate statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05). ‡ Differences between conditions (p ≤ 0.05). SD = standard deviation; CI = confidence interval.