Table 2.
Comparison of VDD According to Known Risk Factors Based on Vitamin D Test
| Risk factor | Overall N=698 |
VDD based on tests | P * | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| No VDD n=204 (29%) |
Yes VDD n=494 (71%) |
|||
| Race, n (%) | 0.464 | |||
| African American | 506 (72.5) | 143 (70.1) | 363 (73.5) | |
| Other | 10 (1.4) | 2 (1.0) | 8 (1.6) | |
| White | 182 (26.1) | 59 (28.9) | 123 (24.9) | |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.643 | |||
| Female | 477 (68.3) | 142 (69.6) | 335 (67.8) | |
| Male | 221 (31.7) | 62 (30.4) | 159 (32.2) | |
| Hx of bone fracture, n (%) | 0.234 | |||
| No indication | 640 (91.7) | 191 (93.6) | 449 (90.9) | |
| Indication | 58 (8.3) | 13 (6.4) | 45 (9.1) | |
| Hx of alcohol use disorder, n (%) | 0.735 | |||
| No indication | 650 (93.1) | 191 (93.6) | 459 (92.9) | |
| Indication | 48 (6.9) | 13 (6.4) | 35 (7.1) | |
| Celiac disease, n (%) | 0.329 | |||
| No indication | 693 (99.3) | 204 (100.0) | 489 (99.0) | |
| Indication | 5 (0.7) | 0 (0) | 5 (1.0) | |
| Hx of vitamin D deficiency, n (%) | 0.559 | |||
| No indication | 463 (66.3) | 132 (64.7) | 331 (67.0) | |
| Indication | 235 (33.7) | 72 (35.3) | 163 (33.0) | |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 0.002 | |||
| No indication | 508 (72.8) | 132 (64.7) | 376 (76.1) | |
| Indication | 190 (27.2) | 72 (35.3) | 118 (23.9) | |
| Season first vitamin D test done, n (%) | 0.885 | |||
| Winter | 296 (42.4) | 88 (43.1) | 208 (42.1) | |
| Spring | 124 (17.8) | 35 (17.2) | 89 (18.0) | |
| Summer | 176 (25.2) | 54 (26.5) | 122 (24.7) | |
| Fall | 102 (14.6) | 27 (13.2) | 75 (15.2) | |
*
All comparisons were done with chi-squared tests.
Hx = history; VDD, vitamin D deficiency.