(
A) C-female time at the nest with (n = 6) and without pups (n = 3). (
B) T-female time at the nest with (n = 6) and without pups (n = 8). There was a significant effect of pups on female time at the nest (GLMM Estimate 0.54 ± 0.24, p < 0.04), but there was no treatment effect (GLMM Estimate –0.05 ± 0.25, p = 0.84). C-females with pups spent 11.6% more time at the nest than C-females without pups. T-females with pups spent 19.4% more time at the nest than T-females without pups. A single dot represents the observations from one individual on a single night. For each individual there are therefore three dots representing three nights (reflecting our repeated measures GLMM analysis). There is no loss of statistical significance if data are analyzed with individual averages instead of repeated measures (see Appendix 1).
Source data 1.