. 2001 Jan;45(1):1–12. doi: 10.1128/AAC.45.1.1-12.2001

TABLE 2.

23S rRNA mutations reported to confer macrolide resistance

E. coli 23S rRNA position^a	Organism^b	Nucleotide(s)		Phenotype^c	Reference(s)
E. coli 23S rRNA position^a	Organism^b	Wild type	Mutant	Phenotype^c	Reference(s)
754	Escherichia coli	U	A	Ery^l^r Tel^l^r	156
2057	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast	G	A	Ery^r Lin^s	63
	Escherichia coli	G	A	Ery^r M16^s Lin^s S_B^s	47
	Propionibacteria	G	A	Ery^l^r M16^s	111
2057+	Escherichia coli	G+G	A+A	Ery^r Lin^r	39
2032	*Helicobacter pylori*	A+G	G+A	Clr^r Azm^r Ery^r	64
2058	*Brachyspira hyodysenteriae*	A	G, U	Ery^r Tyl^r Lin^r	69
	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast	A	G	Ery^r Lin^r	63
	Escherichia coli	A	G	Ery^r Lin^r	39, 143
		A	U	MLS_B^r	120
	*Helicobacter pylori*	A	C	Clr^r	125
				Mac^r Lin^r	94
				MLS_B^r	148
				Cla^r	34
		A	G	Cla^r	142
				Mac^r Lin^p	94
				MLS_B^p	148
				Cla^r	34
		A	U	MLS_B^r	148
				Cla^r	34
	*Mycobacterium abscessus*	A	G	Clr^r	146
	*Mycobacterium avium*	A	C, G, U	Clr^r	90
	*Mycobacterium chelonae*	A	C, G	Clr^r	146
	*Mycobacterium intracellulare*	A	C, G, U	Clr^r	84
	*Mycobacterium kansasii*	A	U	Clr^r	18
	Mycobacterium smegmatis	A	G	Clr^r	113
	*Mycoplasma pneumoniae*	A	G	Ery^h^r Spi^m^r Tyl^s Lin^h^r	79
	*Propionibacteria*	A	G	MLS_B^r	111
	*Streptococcus pneumoniae*	A	G	MLS_B^r	129
	Streptomyces ambofaciens	A	G	MLS_B^r	98
	Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrion	A	G	Ery^r	123
	Treponema pallidum	A	G	Ery^r	L. V. Stamm and H. L. Bergen, Letter, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44:806–807, 2000
2059	*Helicobacter pylori*	A	C	Mac^r Lin^r S_B^s	148
				Clr^r	34
		A	G	Clr^r	142
				Mac^r Lin^r	94
				Mac^r Lin^r S_B^s	148
				Cla^r	34
	*Mycobacterium abscessus*	A	C,G	Clr^r	146
	*Mycobacterium chelonae*	A	G	Clr^r	146
	*Mycobacterium intracellulare*	A	C	Clr^r Azm^r	84
	*Mycobacterium avium*	A	C	Clr^r Azm^r	84
	Mycobacterium smegmatis	A	G	Clr^r	113
	*Mycoplasma pneumoniae*	A	G	Ery^m^r Spi^h^r Tyl^l^r Lin^m^r	79
	*Streptococcus pneumoniae*	A	G	Mac^r	129
	*Propionibacteria*	A	G	Mac^h^r Lin^l^r	111
2452	Sulfolobus acidocaldarius	C	U	Cbm^r Lin^r	1
2611	Chlamydomonas moewusii chloroplast	C	G	Ery^r Spi^l^r	54
	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast	C	G, U	Ery^r Lin^m^r	63
	Escherichia coli	C	U	Ery^r Spi^s Tyl^s Lin^s	139
	*Streptococcus pneumoniae*	C	A, G	Mac^r S_B^s	129
	Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochrondrion	C	G	Ery^r Spi^r	122
	Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrion	C	U	Ery^s Spi^r	122

Nucleotide positions are numbered according to the corresponding positions in E. coli 23S rRNA. Consistent use of the E. coli system facilitates comparison between the different organisms and avoids discrepancies in some of the other notation systems, such as that for H. pylori (132).

Pathogenic organisms are in boldface (the E. coli strains are nonvirulent laboratory strains).

The phenotypes conferred to the different types of macrolide antibiotics are given when these were specified in the original articles (the lack of a notation does not imply sensitivity but merely indicates that no specific phenotype was reported). Similarly, in some reports the levels of resistance are arbitrarily categorized, and when this is the case these are recounted here (r, resistant; s, sensitive; h, high; m, medium; l, low). Phenotype designations: Lin, lincosamides; S_B, streptogramin B group; MLS_B, macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B. Other designations are given in Table 1.