Table 2.
Outline of the clinical details of the woven anomaly case reports found in the literature.
| # | Presenting symptom | ECG | Echocardiography | Ischemia assessment | OCT | IVUS | Woven anomaly vessel | Diseased artery | Treatment | Outcome or F/U |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||
| 1 | Shortness of breath | Not done | Not done | Proximal RCA | ||||||
| 2 | Incidental | Exercise ECG: diffuse ST depression in anterolateral and inferior leads+thallium scan: inferoposterior defect | Not done | Not done | Middistal RCA | PDA | ||||
| 3 | ACS | Positive thallium scan | Not done | Not done | LAD, LCX, and OM | |||||
| ACS | Not done | Not done | Proximal LCX | LAD, LCX | PTCA for mid LAD (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty) | |||||
| ACS | Not done | Not done | Distal LAD | LAD | ||||||
| 4 | Chest pain | Not done | Not done | Middistal RCA | RCA | |||||
| 5 | Chest pain | Normal | Moderate aortic insufficiency | Stress ECG: ST depression in inferior leads | Not done | Not done | Mid LCX | RCA | PCI+aortic valve replacement | Unremarkable 5-year follow-up |
| 6 | Kawasaki disease | Prolonged PR interval | Not done | Not done | Proximal RCA | Aspirin and IV immunoglobulin for Kawasaki disease | Unremarkable 4-year follow-up | |||
| 7 | Chest pain | Normal LV wall motion, left ventricular EF: 60% | Stress ECG: ST depression in V1-V4+myocardial perfusion imaging: reversible ischemia in the anterior wall | Not done | Not done | Proximal RCA | LAD | PCI | Unremarkable 3-year follow-up on the woven artery. However, distal LAD developed 70% stenosis which required medical treatment | |
| 8 | Atypical left arm pain | Old inferior infarction and T-wave inversion in V5-v6 | Normal systolic function, inferior wall akinesis, and mild mitral regurge | Stress and rest Tc 99 m sestamibi scan: stress-induced myocardial ischemia in inferior and lateral leads | Not done | Not done | RCA | RCA | Medical treatment | Unremarkable 2-year follow-up |
| 9 | ACS | Normal | LV hypertrophy, mild diastolic dysfunction, and hypokinesia of the posterolateral wall with an ejection fraction of 55% | Not done | Not done | LAD, LCX, and OM2 | LAD, LCX, and OM2 | PCI | Unremarkable 1-year follow-up | |
| 10 | ACS | ST depression in lead II, III, aVF, and V4-V6 | LV hypokinesis, mild mitral insufficiency | Not done | Not done | Distal RCA | LM, LAD, LCX, and RCA | Medical treatment+CABG operation | Unremarkable postop | |
| 11 | Chest pain | Normal | Normal wall motion, left ventricular EF: 65% | Stress ECG: ST-segment depression+thallium-201 myocardial perfusion imaging: no ischemia | Not done | Not done | LAD, LCX, RCA | Medical treatment+smoking cessation | ||
| 12 | Chest pain | Sinus tachycardia, RBBB with marked ST-segment depression in precordial leads | Global hypokinesis, left ventricular EF: 30% | Not done | Not done | Proximal-distal RCA, proximal-mid LAD | ||||
| 13 | Incidental | Abnormal Q waves in leads V1–V6 | Severe hypokinesia in the apical and anterior walls of the left ventricle, left ventricular EF: 45% | Infarction in the anterior and apical walls of the left ventricle, without any myocardial ischemia | Done | Not done | Proximal-mid LAD, proximal DI branch | LAD | Medical treatment | |
| 14 | ACS | Normal | Normal LV wall motion, left ventricular EF: 60% | Dobutamine stress echo: reversible ischemia in inferior wall | Not done | Not done | RCA | RCA due to stenosis before the woven segment | Medical treatment | |
| 15 | Chest pain | SPECT: stress-induced ischemia in the inferior wall of LV | Done | Not done | Mid-RCA | Distal RCA stenosis, CTO of PDA | CABG | |||
| 16 | ACS | Not done | Not done | Proximal LAD, RCA, OM, and 1st diagonal | LAD | CABG | Unremarkable postop | |||
| 17 | Chest pain | Negative T waves in leads DII, DIII, and aVF | Normal LV wall motion, left ventricular EF: 65% | Myocardial perfusion imaging: no ischemia in the anterior wall | Not done | Not done | Distal LAD | LCX | Medical treatment | Unremarkable 1-year follow-up |
| 18 | Chest pain | Q waves and extrasystoles on D3 and aVF | Akinesia at inferior and posterior walls, left ventricular EF: 44% | Inferior wall ischemia was detected which approximately refers to 14% of the left ventricle | Not done | Not done | Mid-RCA | RCA | PCI | |
| 19 | Chest pain | Incomplete LBBB | Normal systolic function, LV hypertrophy | Myocardial perfusion imaging: reversible ischemia in inferior and posterior walls | Not done | Not done | RCA | Medical treatment | ||
| 20 | Palpitations | Atrial flutter | Akinesia in the anterior and apical walls, severe hypokinesia in the other LV walls, and left ventricular EF: 22.5% | Stress-induced ischemia and a fixed low uptake in the anterior and apical walls | Not done | Done | Proximal-mid LAD | Cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) ablation | ||
| 21 | Sudden cardiac death | Asystole which could not be converted back to sinus rhythm | Mid RCA | RCA | Death | |||||
| 22 | Exertional shortness of breath | Not done | Not done | LCX | LCX | CABG+mitral valve repair | Unremarkable 4-week follow-up | |||
| 23 | Incidental [symptoms of acute ischemic stroke of embolic origin] | Q waves in inferior leads | Akinesia in inferior and inferobasal walls, mild mitral regurgitation, and left ventricular EF: 40% | Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy: inferior wall fixed hypoperfusion, infarct, and mild peri-infarct ischemia | Not done | Not done | RCA | RCA | Medical treatment | Unremarkable 2-year follow-up |
| 24 | Congestive heart failure | Normal | Normal left ventricular EF | Done | Not done | LAD | Medical treatment | |||
| ACS | Regional inferior wall motion abnormality | Done | Not done | Distal RCA | RCA | PCI | ||||
| Chest pain | Inverted T waves on precordial and inferior leads | NA | Done | Not done | Proximal RCA | LAD | PCI | Unremarkable 1-year follow-up | ||
| 25 | ACS | ST-segment elevation in the inferior leads | Normal LV wall motion, left ventricular EF: 59% | Not done | Not done | Proximal-mid RCA | RCA | CABG | ||
| 26 | Chest pain | Atrial fibrillation in rhythm and Q wave in the inferior leads | Left ventricular EF: 40% | Not done | Done | RCA | RCA | PCI | Unremarkable 9-month follow-up. LVEF improved by 4% (44%) | |
| 27 | Chest pain | Done | Done | RCA | ||||||
| 28 | Exertional shortness of breath | Rheumatic heart disease | Not done | Not done | Middistal RCA | LAD | CABG+mitral valve replacement | |||
| 29 | ACS | ST-segment elevation in the anterior V1-V5 leads | Akinesia at anterior walls, left ventricular EF: 54% | Done | Not done | LAD | LAD | PCI | Unremarkable 4-year follow-up | |
| 30 | ACS | Ischemia in the inferior wall | Done | Not done | RCA | RCA | PCI | |||
| 31 | Chest pain | Not done | Not done | LAD, LCX, RCA | LAD | PCI | Unremarkable 3-year follow-up | |||
| 32 | ACS [referred] | Done | Not done | RCA | RCA | PCI | ||||
| 33 | Incidental | Normal | Normal LV systolic function, left ventricular EF: >55%, moderately severe pulmonary hypertension, and mild dilatation of the right atrium | Not performed | Done | Done | RCA | RCA | PCI | Unremarkable 3-month follow-up |