Table 2. Antibody titers in patients with cancer following two doses of COVID-19 vaccine.

Study	Location	Vaccine type	Test type	Malignancy type	Antibody titers, median (IQR) (range)
					Solid cancer	Haematologic malignancy	Healthy controls	p value
Massarweh et al [24]	Israel	BTN162b2	Anti-S IgG	Solid cancer	1,931 (509–4,386) (0.3–53,088)		7,160 (3,129–11,241) (442–27,568)	<0.001
Lim et al [38]	UK	ChAdOx1 or BTN162b2	Anti-S IgG	Lymphoma	-	2.5 BAU/mL (95% CI 1.1–5.8) for participants on treatment and 141.8 BAU/mL (75.6–266.0) for participants not on treatment.	2,339 BAU/mL (1,923–2,844) in those who took BNT162b2; 199 BAU/mL (140–282) in those who took ChAdOx1	-
Addeo et al [31]	USA and Europe	mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2	Anti-S IgG	Solid and haematologic malignanciesa	>2,500 (514–2,500)	832 (24–2,500)	-	0.029
Palich et al [23]	France	BNT162b2	Anti-S IgG	Solid cancerb	252 (Roche Elecsys assay); 4,443 Abbott Alinity Assay	-	2,517 (Roche Elecsys assay); 13,285 Abbott Alinity assay	<0.01 for both assays
Thakkar et al [32]	USA	mRNA-1273, or BNT162b2 or AD26.COV2.S	Anti-S IgG	Solid and haematologic malignanciesc	7,858	2,528	-	0.013
Van Oekelen et al [27]	USA	mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2	Anti-S IgG	Multiple myeloma	-	149 (5–7,882 AU/mL)	300 (21–3,335 AU/mL)	<0.0001
Pimpinelli et al [21]	Italy	BNT162b2	Anti-S IgG	Multiple myeloma and myeloproliferative malignancies	-	MM: 106.7 AU/mL MPM: 172.9 AU/mL	353.3 AU/mL	MM: 0.003 MPM: 0.049
Herishanu et al [26]	Israel	BNT162b2	Anti-S IgG	CLL	-	0.824 U/mL	1,084 U/mL	<0.001
Barrière et al [25]	France	BNT162b2	Anti-S IgG	Solid tumours	245.2 UI/mL	-	2,517 UI/mL	<0.001
Maneikis et al [28]	Lithuania	BNT162b2	Anti-S IgG	Haematological malignancies	-	6,961 AU/mL	21,395 AU/mL	<0.0001
Kearns et al [35]	UK	BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1	Anti-S IgG	Immuno compromised patientsd	4,101 (655–10,819 U/mL)	1,011.5 (17.3–3,877 U/mL) in patients with haematologic malignancies and 980 (91.9–5,129 U/mL) in HSCT patientse	11,514 (3,324–23,302 U/mL)	-
Parry et al [64]	UK	BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1	Anti-S IgG	CLL	-	53 U/mL	3,900 U/mL	<0.0001

^aBreast, urologic, gynaecologic, skin, thoracic, gastrointestinal, head and neck, brain and connective tissue cancers. ALL, CLL, CML, DLBCL, follicular lymphoma, MALT lymphoma, T-cell lymphoma/mycosis fungoides, HL, polycythaemia vera, myeloma

^bBreast, digestive, lung, gynaecological, prostate, bladder, pancreas, kidney, upper aero-digestive tract cancers

^cBreast, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, gynaecologic, thoracic, head and neck, skin/musculoskeletal, carcinoma of unknown primary, lymphoid, myeloid and plasma cell malignancies

^dTumour necrosis factor alpha, IL-2 and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor

^ePatients who underwent HSCT were analysed separately from patients with haematologic malignancies