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. 2022 Apr 22;25:100924. doi: 10.1016/j.mtchem.2022.100924

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Fig. 4 — Immunoassay with S Ptn: (a) ΔD_H measured in the presence of 65 μg/mL S Ptn for all biosensors; (b) S Ptn adsorption isotherm on the pAb-AuNP biosensors; (c) precipitation immunoassay scheme; and (d) scheme showing the D_H variation for antibody conjugate AuNP immunoassay as function of antigen concentration. AuNP, gold nanoparticle; pAb, polyclonal antibody; S Ptn, spike protein.