Table 2.
Effects of different non-invasive respiratory supports on gas exchange, breathing pattern, inspiratory effort, and respiratory mechanics (fifteen patients).
| N = 15 | Venturi Mask | HFNC | CPAP | NIV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PaCO2, mmHg; mean ± SD mean ± SD (median; iqr25-iqr75) |
33,73±3,69 (34; 32-34,75) |
33,24±4,2 (34,5; 33-36,5) |
34,42±2,9 (34;32 -35,8) |
34,2±3,1 (35; 31,3- 37) |
| PaO2, mmHg; mean ± SD (median; iqr25-iqr75) |
64,41±9,2* (65; 59,8-72,7) |
83,11±40,8 (73; 59-91) |
90,78±26,1* (86,5; 76,5-95,2) |
112,33±49,5* (86; 76,7-113) |
| PaO2/FiO2, mmHg; mean ± SD (median; iqr25-iqr75) |
120,6±36,1† (112; 101-155) |
152,2±75,4 (139,5; 96-168,2) |
170,9±61,8† (166; 137,2-209) |
207,4±94,2† (180,5; 145,5-213,2) |
| RR, breaths per minute; mean ± SD (median; iqr25-iqr75) |
23,6±5,3 (24;20-28) |
20,4±5,6 (20,5; 16,2-23,7) |
23,2±4,3 (22; 21-26) |
22,8±5 (22; 21- 23,75) |
| MeanVT, ml mean ± SD (median; iqr25-iqr75) |
450,5±100,6 (419,2; 404-513) |
450,1±96,9 (452,2; 416-497) |
502,7±101,7 (526,5; 438,7-559,5) |
400,4±96,3 (391,6; 362,6-460,3) |
| VT/PBW, ml/KGPBW; mean ± SD (median; iqr25-iqr75) |
6,5±1,4 (6,6; 5,7-7,2) |
6,4±1,1 (6,4;5,7-7) |
7,3±1,7 (7,3; 6,1-8,1) |
5,8±1,4 (6,4; 4,8- 6,6) |
| Mean Ve, L/m; mean ± SD (median; iqr25-iqr75) |
10,6±2,6 (10; 8,9-11,9) |
9,5±3,2 (8,6; 7,7-12,3) |
11,5±3,6 (10,9; 9,1-13,8) |
9±2,1 (8,9; 8- 9,5) |
| Mean ΔPes, cmH20; mean ± SD (median; iqr25-iqr75) |
-10.2±5§ (-8,6; -7,4 - -13,5) |
-9,9±3,8§ (-10,9; -7,3- -12,7) |
-9,6±5,2§ (-9,43; -5,7- -11,9) |
-3,9±3,38§ (-4,9; -2,1- -5,9) |
| Mean ΔPLDyn, cmH20; mean ± SD (median; iqr25-iqr75) |
10,2±5,1 (8,6; 7,4 13,5) |
9, 9±3,8 (10,9; 7,3 -12,7) |
7,6±4,3 (7,1; 5- 10,9) |
8,8±3,6 (8,9; 7,3 – 11,1) |
(HFNC= high flow nasal cannula; CPAP= continuous positive airway pressure; NIV= non-invasive mechanical ventilation; RR =Respiratory Rate; Ve= minute ventilation, VT = inspiratory tidal volume; PBW=Predicted body weight; ΔPes = tidal change in esophageal pressure, ΔPLDyn= Dynamic tidal change in transpulmonary pressure)
⁎
p=0.001 NIV versus Venturi Mask; p=0.001 CPAP versus Venturi Mask
†
p=0.002 NIV versus Venturi Mask; p=0.012 CPAP versus Venturi Mask
§
p=0.001 NIV versus Venturi Mask; p=0.000 NIV versus HFNC; p=0.002 NIV versus CPAP