Table 2.

SEC13, GHRL, lncRNA GHRLOS, SMAD7, HIF-1α genes expression, serum HIF-1α (ng/ml) and CEA level (ng/ml) in control and gastric cancer patients' groups.

Control (n = 50)	Gastric cancer patients (n = 50)	P
SEC13 gene
4.50 ± 12.12	0.34 ± 0.42	< 0.001*
0.72 (0.28–2.7)	0.18 (0.12–0.33)
GHRL gene
4.87 ± 7.48	1.32 ± 3.40	0.025*
0.51 (0.20–6.0)	0.34 (0.11–0.78)
LncRNA GHRLOS
3.28 ± 7.74	0.11 ± 0.52	< 0.001*
0.88 (0.49–1.60)	0.17 (0.09–0.78)
SMAD7 gene
4.48 ± 8.60	5.36 ± 12.04	0.024*
0.56 (0.28–3.6)	1.56 (0.59–5.20)
HIF-1α gene
3.81 ± 6.56	5.60 ± 6.40	< 0.001*
0.65 (0.24–5.39)	4.81 (1.37–7.21)
HIF-1α protein
17.64 ± 4.12	191.6 ± 43.94	< 0.001*
19.10 (16.60–20.40)	198.7 (167.0–224.2)
CEA protein
2.93 ± 1.01	71.77 ± 45.91	< 0.001*
3.02 (2.20–3.60)	84.50 (37.0–97.0)

Mean ± S.D. and Median (IQR).

n: number of cases.

P: P value for comparing between GC patients and control group utilizing Mann Whitney test.

*Significance at P ≤ 0.05.