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. 2022 Apr 8;10:828128. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.828128

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Copyright © 2022 Yang, Xuan, Chen, Cao, Zhao, Wang and Chen.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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MiRNAs regulate the TGF-β signaling pathway in CRC. Upon TGF-β stimulation, activated TGFBR2 binds to and phosphorylates TGFBR1. Activated TGFBR1 phosphorylates SMAD2/SMAD3, enabling SMAD2/SMAD3 to bind SMAD4 and subsequent activation or repression of TGF-β responsive genes. Some miRNAs enhance the TGF-β signaling by targeting SMAD7, forming a positive feedback loop. This figure summarizes some prominent miRNAs implicated in CRC progression by targeting TGF-β signaling pathway. miR, microRNA; CRE, cAMP response element; TGFβ, transforming growth factor β; SMAD, SMAD Family Member; TGFβR, transforming growth factor β receptor.