. 2022 Mar 16;25:98–120. doi: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.03.002

Table 2.

lncRNAs associated with the crosstalk between macrophages and HCC cells

lncRNAs	Origin cells	Expression in HCC	Role in HCC	Ways for crosstalk	Function in macrophages and/or HCC cells	Reference
SNHG20	macrophages	upregulated	oncogene	ND	induce macrophage M2 polarization by STAT6; promote HCC cell invasion and EMT progress, enhance the progression from NAFLD to HCC	154, 155, 156, 157
uc.306	macrophages	downregulated	suppressor	ND	induce macrophage M1 polarization by the Wnt/BTRC signaling	¹⁵⁸
lncRNA cox-2	macrophages	ND	suppressor	ND	induce macrophage M1 polarization; inhibit HCC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration	⁹⁹^,¹⁵⁹
GAS5	macrophages	downregulated	suppressor	ND	reduce macrophage M2 polarization by PTEN; inhibit HCC cell migration, invasion, and chemoresistance by miRNA/mRNA	160, 161, 162, 163, 164
ELMO1-AS1	macrophages	downregulated	suppressor	ND	inhibit HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by ELMO1	¹⁵⁸^,¹⁶⁵
CCAT1	HCC cells	upregulated	oncogene	ND	induce macrophage infiltration by the Let-7/HMGA2 axis; promote HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by many miRNA/mRNA axis	166, 167, 168
H19	HCC cells	upregulated	oncogene	ND	induce macrophage infiltration and M2 polarization by the miR-193b/MAPK1 axis; promote HCC cell growth, migration, invasion, radio-, or drug resistance by many miRNA/mRNA axis	169, 170, 171
MALAT1	HCC cells	upregulated	oncogene	ND	re-educate macrophages from M1 to M2 polarization; promote HCC cell proliferation, migration, chemotherapy, resistance, mitochondrial and glucose metabolism, inhibit cell apoptosis and autophagy by many miRNA/mRNA axis	172, 173, 174, 175, 176
PCED1B-AS1	HCC cells	upregulated	oncogene	exosomes	induce macrophage immunosuppression by the miR-194-5p/PD-L1/2 axis; promote HCC cell proliferation, decrease cell apoptosis by mTOR signaling	¹⁷⁷
TUC339	HCC cells	upregulated	oncogene	exosomes	induce macrophage activation and M2 polarization; promote HCC cell cycle, proliferation, and adhesion	¹⁰⁵^,¹⁷⁸
DLX6-AS1	HCC cells	upregulated	oncogene	exosomes	induce macrophage M2 polarization by miR140; promote HCC cell viability, invasion, migration, and EMT progress by many miRNA/mRNA axis	108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135^;136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170^;171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212
LINC00662	HCC cells	upregulated	oncogene	soluble protein	induce macrophage M2 polarization by the AWNT3A/Wnt/β-catenin signaling; promote HCC cell proliferation and invasion by miR-15a/16/107/AWNT3A/Wnt/β-catenin signaling	¹⁷⁹^,¹⁸⁰
TP73-AS1	HCC cells	upregulated	oncogene	cytokines	induce macrophage M2 polarization by TGF-β; promote HCC cell proliferation, survival, and radioresistance by many miRNA/mRNA axis, including the miR-539-MMP-8 axis	181, 182, 183
PPIAP22	HCC cells	upregulated	oncogene	chemokines	induce macrophage infiltration by CCL15 or CXCL12; promote HCC cell growth by the miR-197-3p/PPIA axis	¹⁸⁴
HOTAIR	HCC cells	upregulated	oncogene	chemokines	induce macrophage recruitment by CCL2; promote HCC cell aerobic glycolysis, drug resistance, and EMT progress by many miRNA/mRNA axis	185, 186, 187, 188
GIHCG	HCC cells	upregulated	oncogene	ND	induce macrophage infiltration; promote HCC cell proliferation and metastasis by miR-200b/a/429	¹⁸⁹^,¹⁹⁰

ND, not determined.