Table 4.

Disease severity according to bronchiolitis sustained by a single virus or a co-infection. CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; HFNC, high-flow nasal cannulae; PICU, pediatric intensive care unit.

	Single Agent	Coinfections	p-Value
	n = 173	n = 43
Sex, n (%)			0.87
• Female	20 (46.51)	78 (45.09)
• Male	23 (53.49)	95 (54.91)
Age (months), median (IQR)	3 (1–7)	3 (1–6)	0.58
Co-morbidities, n(%) n (%)	32 (18.50)	9 (20.93)	0.72
• <34 weeks	4/171 (2.34)	4 (9.30)	0.11
• 34–36	16/171 (9.36)	3 (6.98)
• ≥37	151/171 (88.30)	36 (83.72)
Chronic lung disease of prematurity, n (%)	1 (0.58)	2 (4.65)	0.1
Congenital heart disease, n (%)	4 (2.31)	2 (4.65)	0.34
Neuromuscolar Disease, n (%)	4 (2.31)	1 (2.33)	0.67
Other comorbidities, n (%)	9 (5.20)	3 (6.98)	0.44
Siblings n (%)	94 (54.34)	29 (67.44)	0.12
Palivizumab	0	0
Admitted to hospital, n (%)	137 (79.19)	30 (69.77)	0.18
Admitted to PICU, n (%)	9 (5.20)	3 (6.98)	0.44
Admitted to PICU within the first 7 days since initial evaluation, n (%)	19 (10.98)	7 (16.28)	0.34
Need for nasogastric fluids *, n (%)	3 (16.28)	0	0.51
Intravenous fluids *, n (%)	95 (54.91)	24 (55.81)	0.91
Need for Oxygen Low Flow *, n (%)	72 (41.62)	20 (46.51)	0.56
Need for High Flow Oxygen *, n (%)	60 (34.68)	18 (41.86)	0.38
CPAP *, n (%)	20 (11.56)	7 (16.28)	0.4
Mechanical ventilation *, n (%)	1 (0.58)	1 (2.33)	0.36
Salbutamol nebulization, n (%)	67 (38.73)	13 (30.23)	0.3
Other bronchodilator, n (%)	16 (9.25)	0	0.025
Corticosteroid treatment, n (%)	34 (19.65)	11 (25.58)	0.39
Antibiotic treatment, n (%)	44 (25.43)	16 (37.21)	0.12

* Calculated if anytime needed within the first seven days since the initial hospital evaluation. Other bronchodilator: ipratropium; Corticosteroid treatment: any intravenous or oral steroid treatment administered.