Table 1.
Baseline characteristics per cardiovascular risk group.
| Overall | MR | HR | VHR | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 1030 | 314 | 155 | 561 | |
| Age. years | 57.8 ± 8 | 54 ± 8.7 | 58 ± 8.4 | 59 ± 6.8 | 0.001 a,b |
| Male. % | 59.3 | 58.9 | 58.1 | 59.9 | 0.905 |
| Married. % | 72.2 | 72.9 | 73.5 | 71.5 | 0.936 |
| Schooling. years | 11 ± 4.2 | 11 ± 4.2 | 11 ± 3.7 | 10 ± 4.3 | 0.006 c,b |
| Family income, USD | 640 (760) | 800 (800) | 800 (600) | 600 (740) | 0.001 |
| Caucasian, % | 68.7 | 67.2 | 72.3 | 68.6 | 0.510 |
| T2D duration, years | 9.7 ± 7.3 | 4.7 ± 3.3 | 14 ± 4.5 | 10 ± 7.9 | 0.001 a,b,c |
| Hypertension. % | 81.4 | 61.1 | 73.5 | 94.8 | 0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia. % | 74.2 | 68.5 | 67.1 | 79.3 | 0.001 |
| Prior CVD, % | 17.4 | 0 | 0 | 31.9 | 0.001 |
| Smoker. % | 6.7 | 3.5 | 1.9 | 9.8 | 0.001 |
| Obese. % | 45.4 | 25.6 | 14.1 | 64.8 | 0.001 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 141 ± 20.4 | 135 ± 19.1 | 139 ± 19.4 | 144 ± 20.6 | 0.001 b,c |
| DBP, mm Hg | 83 ± 11.7 | 83 ± 10.3 | 83 ± 10.1 | 84 ± 12.7 | 0.284 |
| Biochemical analysis | |||||
| Hemoglobin. mg/dL | 14 ± 1.6 | 14 ± 1.6 | 14 ± 1.4 | 14 ± 1.6 | 0.608 |
| HbA1c. % | 7.9 ± 1.9 | 7.5 ± 1.8 | 8.1 ± 1.7 | 8.1 ± 1.9 | 0.001 |
| Total cholesterol. mg/dL | 182 ± 47.6 | 185 ± 51 | 181 ± 44 | 181 ± 47 | 0.610 |
| LDL-C., mg/dL | 107 ± 37.6 | 110 ± 37 | 109 ± 39 | 105 ± 38 | 0.344 |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 44 ± 14.6 | 47 ± 19.5 | 46 ± 12.2 | 42 ± 11.9 | 0.004 |
| VLDL-C, mg/dL | 27 (15) | 25 (14) | 25 (14) | 27 (16) | 0.030 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 159 (128) | 145 (110) | 148 (142) | 164 (116) | 0.001 |
| Gfr, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 86 ± 18.1 | 91 ± 16 | 89 ± 15 | 82 ± 18 | 0.010 a,c |
| Proteinuria. % | 19.7 | 0 | 0 | 15.3 | 0.001 |
| Medications | |||||
| Antihypertensive, % | 64.4 | 42 | 52.3 | 80.2 | 0.001 |
| Lipid-Lowering Therapy | 45 | 35 | 41.9 | 51.3 | 0.004 |
| MiS | 36.3 | 29 | 34.8 | 40.8 | |
| HiS | 5.9 | 4.1 | 5.2 | 7.1 | |
| MiS-Ez | 1.3 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 1.6 | |
| HiS-Ez | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0 | 1.4 | |
| Ezetimibe | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.4 | |
| Antidiabetic therapy | 98.5 | 97.1 | 99.4 | 99.1 | 0.043 |
| Control rate | <0.001 | ||||
| HbA1c. % | 41.2 | 51.1 | 33.6 | 38.4 | 0.003 |
| SBP, % | 30.6 | 23 | 26.4 | 16.1 | 0.007 |
| LDL-C, % | 18.8 | 42.8 | 14.4 | 7.8 | 0.001 |
| Any two | 16.2 | 27.4 | 7.0 | 13.1 | 0.040 |
| All three | 3.2 | 8.5 | 3.5 | 0.6 | 0.001 |
Pairwise comparison with p < 0.05 for a MR vs. HR, b MR vs. VHR and c HR vs. VHR. Data are presented as mean ± SD or median (IQR) for continuous variables and n (%) for categorical variables. MR, moderate risk; HR, high risk; VHR, very high risk; T2D, type 2 diabetes; CVD, cardiovascular disease; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MiS, moderate-intensity statin; HiS, high-intensity statin; MIS-Ez, MiS combined with ezetimibe; HiS-Ez, HiS combined with ezetimibe; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin.