Table 3.
Mean, Standard deviation of incidence of diseases before and during COVID-19, and their difference in the subgroup by age.
| Diseases | Before COVID-19 | During COVID-19 | p-Values of Difference | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | Variance | |
| Age 0–4 years old | ||||||
| Autism | 300.3 | 29.7 | 384.9 | 74.1 | <0.001 * | 0.526 |
| ADHD | 94.8 | 16.4 | 118.9 | 35.9 | 0.026 * | 0.380 |
| Depressive disorder | 14.2 | 4.7 | 8.5 | 2.5 | <0.001 * | 0.140 |
| Bipolar disorder | 2.1 | 1.3 | 2.3 | 1.3 | 0.592 | 0.651 |
| Primary insomnia | 12.6 | 3.9 | 14.5 | 5.1 | 0.187 | 0.562 |
| Schizophrenia | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.433 | 0.142 |
| Panic disorder | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.130 | 0.036 † |
| Hypochondriasis | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.715 | 0.539 |
| Post traumatic stress disorder | 9.2 | 3.0 | 7.7 | 3.5 | 0.196 | 0.277 |
| Anxiety disorder | 52.8 | 9.1 | 62.1 | 16.9 | 0.136 | 0.432 |
| Anorexia nervosa | 2.7 | 2.1 | 3.1 | 1.9 | 0.473 | 0.803 |
| Adephagia | 4.3 | 4.3 | 3.9 | 1.7 | 0.663 | <0.001 † |
| Age 5–9 years old | ||||||
| Autism | 1141.3 | 143.2 | 1421.1 | 180.5 | <0.001 * | 0.560 |
| ADHD | 9660.0 | 1334.1 | 10395.3 | 915.3 | 0.074 | 0.010 † |
| Depressive disorder | 324.0 | 43.3 | 367.2 | 47.2 | 0.007 * | 0.343 |
| Bipolar disorder | 45.7 | 9.1 | 60.3 | 3.8 | <0.001 * | 0.135 |
| Primary insomnia | 9.6 | 3.7 | 12.4 | 4.4 | 0.009 * | 0.178 |
| Schizophrenia | 8.8 | 2.0 | 9.1 | 3.0 | 0.891 | 0.160 |
| Panic disorder | 7.3 | 2.6 | 6.8 | 1.5 | 0.564 | 0.102 |
| Hypochondriasis | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.074 | 0.122 |
| Post traumatic stress disorder | 41.8 | 5.7 | 42.3 | 7.1 | 0.989 | 0.360 |
| Anxiety disorder | 372.1 | 32.7 | 454.5 | 70.0 | <0.001 * | 0.422 |
| Anorexia nervosa | 3.2 | 2.2 | 5.5 | 2.3 | 0.003 * | 0.956 |
| Adephagia | 3.3 | 2.9 | 2.5 | 1.6 | 0.618 | 0.594 |
| Age 10–14 years old | ||||||
| Autism | 752.3 | 87.2 | 974.3 | 104.1 | <0.001 * | 0.145 |
| ADHD | 10797.7 | 916.1 | 11839.2 | 1088.5 | 0.004 * | 0.978 |
| Depressive disorder | 2550.7 | 454.4 | 2366.9 | 338.9 | 0.110 | 0.023 † |
| Bipolar disorder | 272.1 | 39.0 | 294.3 | 28.7 | 0.113 | 0.047 † |
| Primary insomnia | 37.5 | 4.6 | 40.1 | 7.4 | 0.316 | 0.195 |
| Schizophrenia | 80.8 | 8.0 | 86.9 | 10.7 | 0.042 * | 0.019 † |
| Panic disorder | 84.2 | 13.7 | 122.1 | 31.4 | 0.001 * | 0.368 |
| Hypochondriasis | 2.2 | 1.0 | 5.1 | 3.0 | 0.001 * | 0.200 |
| Post traumatic stress disorder | 98.9 | 18.4 | 109.9 | 17.8 | 0.070 | 0.608 |
| Anxiety disorder | 920.1 | 110.7 | 1133.1 | 216.6 | 0.001 * | 0.206 |
| Anorexia nervosa | 41.8 | 6.1 | 49.9 | 13.0 | 0.030 * | 0.023 † |
| Adephagia | 7.0 | 1.9 | 8.3 | 3.8 | 0.557 | 0.055 |
| Age 15–19 years old | ||||||
| Autism | 876.7 | 33.9 | 770.3 | 25.8 | <0.001 * | 0.018 † |
| ADHD | 5945.7 | 388.1 | 6314.5 | 375.9 | 0.003 * | 0.776 |
| Depressive disorder | 11384.3 | 1574.8 | 13006.3 | 1292.9 | 0.002 * | 0.861 |
| Bipolar disorder | 1676.0 | 197.1 | 2059.7 | 110.6 | <0.001 * | 0.094 |
| Primary insomnia | 515.8 | 77.2 | 517.0 | 43.2 | 0.935 | 0.010 † |
| Schizophrenia | 1076.3 | 43.4 | 892.7 | 26.2 | <0.001 * | 0.014 † |
| Panic disorder | 966.2 | 146.9 | 1377.7 | 184.0 | <0.001 * | 0.127 |
| Hypochondriasis | 12.4 | 4.3 | 19.7 | 6.9 | 0.001 * | 0.417 |
| Post traumatic stress disorder | 266.3 | 25.4 | 305.7 | 23.0 | <0.001 * | 0.612 |
| Anxiety disorder | 4191.5 | 541.5 | 5252.9 | 716.8 | <0.001 * | 0.975 |
| Anorexia nervosa | 58.7 | 5.8 | 68.6 | 10.7 | 0.001 * | 0.168 |
| Adephagia | 64.5 | 10.2 | 65.5 | 6.4 | 0.818 | 0.087 |
* Mann–Whitney U test, significance at <0.05, † Levene’s test in non-parametric data, significance at <0.05.