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(A) PCA based on microbial metabolic activity at different time points (0 h, 24 h, and 48 h) during the incubation of porcine colonic microbiota in presence of various amino acids versus an untreated control incubation (blank). (B) Loadings of the parameters on which the PCA was based: pH, gas production, and levels of SCFA (acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, caproate), bCFA (isobutyrate, isovalerate, isocaproate), lactate and ammonium. PCA = principal component analysis.
