Table 2.

The main effects of COVID-19 on the circulatory system.

Research	Year	Objective	Number of Participants	Material and Method	Results	Conclusions
Shergill S. et al.	2020	Presentation of late complications of COVID-19	1	A case report of a 71-year-old male after COVID-19	A patient fully recovered from COVID-19 with only a persistent altered taste perception reported extreme fatigue, poor appetite with a loss of 5 kg, and sharp left chest pain radiating to the shoulder blade. Upon diagnosis, “blooming aortitis” was found.	According to the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time that aortic inflammation has been associated with COVID-19. This highlights a potential complication in such patients and indicates the need for further research in this area [37].
Putman V. et al.	2020	Assessment of the presence and degree of myocardial damage in patients who have recently recovered from COVID-19 disease.	100	This prospective observational cohort study examined 100 patients recently cured of COVID-19 from the COVID-19 registry of Frankfurt University Hospital between April and June 2020.	In this cohort study of 100 patients who had recently recovered from COVID-19, cardiac magnetic resonance examination revealed myocardial involvement in 78 patients (78%) and ongoing myocarditis in 60 patients (60%), which was independent of the severity of the disease and previous diagnosis.	The results demonstrate the need for continued research into the long-term cardiovascular consequences of COVID-19 [11].
Veyre F. et al.	2020	Presentation of late complications of COVID-19	1	A case report of a 24-year-old man after COVID-19	A 24-year-old man who complained of pain in the right lower limb for a month was diagnosed with frequent femoral artery thrombosis, dilated in the first third of the superficial and deep femoral arteries, associated with thrombosis of the posterior tibial and popliteal arteries. thrombectomy. The patient had no risk factors for thromboembolism.	This case suggests very careful approaches to arterial risk, even if the infection is not severe and the patient is young [12].
Huang L. et al.	2020	Assessing cardiac health in recovered patients from COVID-19 using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR)	26	26 patients recovered from COVID-19 who reported cardiac symptoms and then underwent CMR examinations were included.	15 (58%) had CMR abnormalities in conventional CMR sequences: myocardial edema was found in 14 (54%) patients and LGE (late gadolinium enhancement) was found in 8 (31%) patients. Reduced right ventricular functional parameters including ejection fraction, cardiac index, and stroke volume/body surface area have been identified in patients with positive conventional CMR results.	Myocardial involvement was found in some patients recovered from COVID-19, which indicates the need to pay attention to the possibility of myocardial involvement in patients recovering from COVID-19 with cardiac symptoms [10].
Brito D. et al.	2021	This study looked at the spectrum of heart abnormalities in student athletes who returned to university campus in July 2020 with COVID-19 without complication.	54	Screening echocardiograms were performed on 54 consecutive student athletes (mean age 19 years; 85% male), who had positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, upper respiratory nasal swab or anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G antibody. Sequential magnetic resonance imaging of the heart was performed in 48 (89%) people.	A total of 16 (30%) athletes were asymptomatic, while 36 (66%) and 2 (4%) athletes reported mild and moderate symptoms associated with COVID-19, respectively. For 48 athletes who completed both imaging studies, 27 (56.3%) subjects were found to have abnormal results.	More than 1 in 3 previously healthy college athletes who recovered from COVID-19 infection showed imaging features of receding pericarditis. Although subtle changes in the structure and function of the heart muscle have been identified, no athlete has shown specific imaging features that could suggest ongoing myocarditis. More research is needed to understand the clinical implications and long-term evolution of these abnormalities in uncomplicated COVID-19 [38].