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Detoxification of Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IALP). 1—Absence of intestinal alkaline phosphatase: LPS binds to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4); 2—presence of IALP: lipid A phosphate group from LPS is dephosphorylated; 3—LPS dephosphorylation: no binding of LPS to TLR4 receptor, preventing the triggering of an inflammatory cascade. The red cross in the figure means no binding of LPS to TLR4.
