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. 2022 Apr 16;23(8):4420. doi: 10.3390/ijms23084420

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Effect of GTS-21 on inflammatory molecules in LPS-stimulated microglial cells. (A) After pretreatment with GTS-21 for 1 h, BV2 cells or primary cultured microglia were incubated with LPS (100 ng/mL for BV2, 10 ng/mL for primary microglia). The levels of nitrite, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and TGF-β were assessed in supernatants after a 16 h incubation period (n = 3–5 per group). (B,C) BV2 cells were treated with GTS-21 for 1 h before being incubated with LPS for 6 h. Western blot analysis (B) and RT-PCR (C) were performed to determine the expression level of inflammatory molecules (n = 3–4 per group). The left panel shows representative blots/gels, whereas the right panel shows quantitative data. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05, vs. control group; ** p < 0.01, vs. control group; # p < 0.05 vs. LPS-treated group; ## p < 0.01 vs. LPS-treated group.