Significant metabolite ratios (p-value ≤ 0.05) with a good diagnostic value (AUC ≥ 0.8) in increased intestinal permeability (IP) subjects from the plasma samples identified via the biomarker analysis of the central carbon metabolism intermediates using MetaboAnalyst 5.0 (Biomarker Analysis Toolbox, Quebec, Canada). (A) trans-aconitic acid/2-deoxyuridine 5-triphosphate, (B) trans-aconitic acid/cytidine 5-triphosphate, (C) L-carnitine/trans-aconitic acid, (D) trans-aconitic acid/adenylosuccinic acid, (E) L-cystathionine/trans-aconitic acid, (F) 2-deoxycytidine 5-monophosphate/trans-aconitic acid, (G) beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/trans-aconitic acid, (H) 4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvic acid/trans-aconitic acid, (I) trans-aconitic acid/indoline-2-carboxylate, (J) 5-hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid/trans-aconitic acid, (K) trans-aconitic acid/deoxythymidine 5-triphosphate, (L) argininosuccinic acid/trans-aconitic acid, (M) isopentenyl pyrophosphate/trans-aconitic acid, and (N) L-homocysteine/trans-aconitic acid.