Table 2.
Bone mineral density, number of teeth, DMFT, periodontal status, and hormonal levels according to masticatory difficulty
| Masticatory difficulty | P value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Total N | No | Yes | |||
| N | Mean ± SE or % (95% CI) |
N | Mean ± SE or % (95% CI) |
|||
| Male | ||||||
| Number of teeth | 3242 | 1907 (58.2%) | 12.8 ± 0.4 | 1355 (41.8%) | 12.3 ± 0.5 | 0.382 |
| DMFT | 3234 | 1886 (58.2%) | 5.93 ± 0.17 |
1348 (41.8%) |
5.88 ± 0.21 | 0.858 |
| CPI | 2340 | 0.516 | ||||
| 0 | 304 | 23.7 (19.2–28.9) | 238 | 24.9 (19.5–31.1) | ||
| 1 | 60 | 4.9 (3.0–7.8) | 41 | 5.5 (3.2–9.4) | ||
| 2 | 415 | 29.0 (24.5–34.0) | 242 | 23.9 (19.4–29.1) | ||
| 3 | 477 | 35.6 (30.7–40.8) | 370 | 38.2 (32.5–44.3) | ||
| 4 | 118 | 6.9 (4.6–10.1) | 75 | 7.4 (3.7–14.5) | ||
| Total hip aBMD (g/cm2) | 2762 |
1570 (58.2%) |
0.930 ± 0.004 |
1192 (41.8%) |
0.910 ± 0.005 | < 0.001** |
| Total hip T score | 2762 |
1570 (58.2%) |
− 0.090 ± 0.028 |
1192 (41.8%) |
− 0.220 ± 0.035 | < 0.001** |
| Femoral neck aBMD (g/cm2) | 2762 |
1570 (58.2%) |
0.750 ± 0.004 |
1192 (41.8%) |
0.730 ± 0.004 | < 0.001** |
| Femoral neck T score | 2762 |
1570 (58.2%) |
− 0.800 ± 0.030 |
1192 (41.8%) |
− 0.940 ± 0.035 | < 0.001** |
| Lumbar spine aBMD (g/cm2) | 2690 |
1537 (58.3%) |
0.940 ± 0.004 |
1153 (41/7%) |
0.930 ± 0.006 | 0.040* |
| Lumbar spine T score | 2690 |
1537 (58.3%) |
− 0.680 ± 0.037 |
1153 (41.7%) |
− 0.790 ± 0.049 | 0.040* |
| Lean body mass (kg) | 2698 |
1536 (58.2%) |
50.6 ± 0.2 |
1162 (41.8%) |
49.4 ± 0.3 | < 0.001** |
| Female | ||||||
| Number of teeth | 4373 |
2596 (60.0%) |
12.5 ± 0.4 |
1777 (40.0%) |
12.1 ± 0.5 | 0.449 |
| DMFT | 4351 |
2570 (59.7%) |
5.82 ± 0.16 |
1781 (40.3%) |
6.00 ± 0.21 | 0.436 |
| CPI† | 3043 | 0.053 | ||||
| 0 | 408 | 21.7 (17.4–26.6) | 333 | 24.3 (18.9–30.7) | ||
| 1 | 75 | 3.7 (2.4–5.7) | 78 | 6.2 (3.9–9.5) | ||
| 2 | 548 | 30.2 (25.5–35.4) | 286 | 24.7 (20.0–30.1) | ||
| 3 | 630 | 34.6 (29.4–40.2) | 443 | 35.9 (30.2–42.0) | ||
| 4 | 151 | 9.8 (6.4–14.9) | 91 | 8.9 (5.5–14.1) | ||
| Total hip aBMD (g/cm2) | 3749 |
2126 (55.7%) |
0.800 ± 0.003 |
1623 (44.3%) |
0.750 ± 0.004 | < 0.001** |
| Total hip T score | 3749 |
2126 (55.7%) |
− 0.470 ± 0.029 |
1623 (44.3%) |
− 0.840 ± 0.039 | < 0.001** |
| Femoral neck aBMD (g/cm2) | 3749 |
2126 (55.7%) |
0.640 ± 0.003 |
1623 (44.3%) |
0.600 ± 0.004 | < 0.001** |
| Femoral neck T score | 3749 | 2126 | − 1.48 ± 0.03 | 1623 | − 1.89 ± 0.04 | < 0.001** |
| Lumbar spine aBMD (g/cm2) | 3645 |
2075 (56.0%) |
0.830 ± 0.004 |
1570 (44.0%) |
0.780 ± 0.005 | < 0.001** |
| Lumbar spine T score | 3645 |
2075 (56.0%) |
− 1.56 ± 0.04 |
1570 (44.0%) |
− 1.93 ± 0.04 | < 0.001** |
| Lean body mass (kg) | 3679 |
2087 (55.7%) |
37.0 ± 0.1 |
1592 (44.3%) |
36.3 ± 0.2 | < 0.001** |
ALP, alkaline phosphatase; aBMD, areal bone mineral density; CI, confidential interval; CPI, community periodontal index; DMFT, decay, missing, filling tooth; PTH, parathyroid hormone; SE, standard error
%: Weighted percentage by column
Data obtained from independent T-test
Descriptive values are shown as mean ± SE
†Data obtained from Rao-Scott Chi-square test and descriptive values are show as % (95% CI)
* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.001 by independent T-test and Rao-Scott Chi-square test