3-NP	3-nitropropionic acid
5-HT	serotonin/serotonin receptor
A	adenosine
A1	adenosine receptor 1
Aβ	β-amyloid
Ach	acetylcholine
AchE	acetylcholinesterase
AD	Alzheimer’s disease
ADA	adenosine deaminase
α-syn	α-synuclein
AMP	adenosine monophosphate
AMPA	α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor
AMPK	AMP activated protein kinase
APP	amyloid precursor protein
BACE1	β-secretase 1
Bcl	B-cell lymphoma
BDNF	brain-derived neurotrophic factors
CDK	cyclin-dependent kinase
CNS	central nervous system
COX	cyclooxygenase
CREB	cyclic-AMP-response element-binding protein
DA	dopamine
D	dopaminergic receptor
EGFR	epidermal growth factor receptor
EphA2	ephrin type-A receptor 2
GABA	γ-aminobutyric acid
GLU	glutamate
GlyR	glycine receptor
GSK3β	glycogen synthase kinase 3 β
GSH	glutathione
GST	glutathione transferase
HD	Huntington’s disease
HPA	hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal
HSP70	heat shock protein 70
IL	interleukin
iNOS	inducible nitric oxide synthase
ISR	integrated stress response
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinase
LC3	microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B
LOX	lipoxygenase
M	muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
MAO-B	monoamine oxidase-B
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinases
MMP	metalloproteinase
mTOR	mammalian target of rapamycin kinase
N	nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
NGF	nerve growth factor
NMDA	N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor
NMRPTase	nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase
NOS	nitric oxide synthase
NfκB	nuclear-kappa B factor
NFTs	neurofibrillary tangles
Nrf	nuclear factor-like 2
NRLP-3	NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3
PAI-1	plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
PD	Parkinson’s disease
PGC-1α	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator
PI3K	phosphoinositide 3-kinases
PON2	paraoxonase-2
Que	quercetin
RNS	reactive nitrogen species
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SIRT	sirtuin
SOD	superoxide dismutase
SPs	senile plaques
TLR	toll-like receptors
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor-α
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor