Table 4.
Effects of natural antioxidants from plants on albumen quality during storage.
| Haugh Unit Values | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Storage Time (Days) | Storage Temperature | Diet and Feeding Time | Control | Treated | Grade | Bioactive Compounds | Main Effect | References |
| 14 | RT | 100 mg/kg magnolol: 12 weeks | 36.9 | 46.29 | B | Source: magnolia plant bark: phenols | Extended shelf life | [90] |
| 14 | RT | Rapeseed oil: 12 weeks | 70.22 | 78.11 | AA | Erucic acid | Extended shelf life | [33] |
| 15 | RT | 200 mg/kg NHDC neohesperidin dihydrochalcone): 10 weeks | 46.42 | 66.65 | A | Natural flavonoids | Extended shelf life | [91] |
| 30 | 5 | 40 g/kg terebinth seed meal: 8 weeks | 56.1 | 68.73 | A | Tannins | Extended shelf life | [59] |
| 14 | 28 | 0.8% of marigold and paprika extracts: 9 weeks | 74.93 | 72.64 | AA | Lutein and capsanthin | No influence on albumen quality | [92] |
| 7 | 20 | 0.2% Lonicera confusa and Astragali Radix extracts: 12 weeks | 55.24 | 59.19 | B | Ellagic acid and chlorogenic acid | Extended shelf life | [93] |
| 25 | 21 | CAPC–organic zinc 43.7 mg/kg: 24 weeks | 53.76 | 60.55 | A | Zinc | Extended shelf life | [58] |
| 25 | 21 | 50 mg oregano essential oil: 4 weeks | 23.26 | 46.94 | B | Thymol, carvacrol | Extended shelf life | [94] |
| 56 | 4 | Mentha × piperita extract at 100 mg/kg: 8 weeks | 79.91 | 78.48 | AA | phenols | Not significantly different from control | [82] |
| 30 | Natural state | 800 mg resveratrol/kg. 8 weeks | 50 | 70 | AA | Phenols from grapes | Extended shelf life | [95] |
| 28 | 21 | 9% pumpkin seed meal. 8 weeks | 32.12 | 44.40 | B | Lutein, α and β-carotene | Preserved albumen quality | [30] |
| 28 | 5 | 9% pumpkin seed meal. 8 weeks | 54.62 | 58.52 | B | Lutein, α and β-carotene | Preserved albumen quality | [30] |
| 56 | 25 | 160 mg natural astaxanthin/kg. 4 weeks |
56.92 | 62.3 | A | Lutein | Extended shelf life | [32] |
| 56 | 4 | 160 mg natural astaxanthin/kg. 4 weeks |
78.11 | 81.01 | AA | Lutein | Extended shelf life | [32] |
| 28 | 4 | 2 g marigold extract/kg diet. 4 weeks | 75.85 | 76.38 | AA | Lutein | Maintained stability | [49] |
| 14 | 25 | Vitamin E at 200 mg/kg. 8 weeks | 40.63 | 50.21 | B | Vitamin E | Extended shelf life | [96] |
| 21 | 27 | 50 mg/kg curcumin: 8 weeks | 31.8 | 42.76 | B | Curcuminoids | Extended shelf life | [97] |
| 14 | 25 | Selenised glucose 10 mg/kg feed. 5 weeks | 59.37 | 67.14 | A | Selenium | Extended shelf life | [54] |
| 10 | 4 | 0.50% of pomegranate molasses/drinking water: 4 weeks | 83.17 | 88.95 | AA | Phenols | Preserved albumen quality not beyond 10 days | [55] |
| 28 | 18 | 2.5 mL, 5.0 mL of fermented pine needle extract (Pinus densiflora). 6 weeks | 60.9 | 60.05 | A | Polyphenols, essential oils | No influence on albumen quality | [60] |