Table 5.

(A–C) Response (% in numeric columns) to given questions. Statistical group comparison using the unpaired, two-tailed Wilcoxon rank-sum test (statistical calculation excluding column 1).

A
Comparator groups	Artificial Intelligence (AI) Leads to Loss of Medical Skills. AI is “Addictive”. 1 = Do Not Know, Range of Agreement: 2 = Rejection, up to 7 = Fully Agreement.
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	Mean ± STD	p
PBC	13.3	16.7	22.4	16.1	20.0	8.2	3.3	3.50 ± 1.63	p = 0.033 * (alpha = 0.016)
SBC	9.9	18.5	21.1	16.2	16.5	23.5	4.3	3.68 ± 1.69
male	8.8	16.4	23.4	17.2	19.7	11.3	3.3	3.70 ± 1.59	p = 0.226
female	12.5	18.1	21.2	15.8	17.6	10.9	4.0	3.57 ± 1.69
undergraduate	13.9	18.9	21.5	13.9	18.7	9.4	3.7	3.47 ± 1.69	p = 0.033 *
graduate	9.8	16.7	22.0	17.7	17.7	12.2	3.9	3.69 ± 1.64
B
Comparator groups	Particularly in diagnosing orphan diseases, AI outmatches physicians. 1 = Do Not Know, 2 = Range of Agreement: 2 = Rejection, up to 7 = Fully Agreement.
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	Mean ± STD	p
PBC	31.8	10.2	15.7	12.0	14.3	12.2	3.7	3.18 ± 1.93	p < 0.0001
SBC	32.7	13.7	13.5	12.6	16.3	8.3	2.8	3.03 ± 1.85
male	28.1	8.4	11.3	12.4	17.9	15.0	6.9	3.56 ± 2.05	p < 0.0001
female	33.8	13.4	15.7	12.3	14.5	8.5	1.9	2.94 ± 1.81
undergraduate	38.4	14.6	12.8	12.8	11.2	7.3	3.0	2.78 ± 1.83	p < 0.0001
graduate	28.0	10.2	15.8	12.0	18.4	12.2	3.4	3.33 ± 1.90
C
Comparator groups	AI will cause disaster rather than being useful. 1 = Do Not Know, Range of Agreement: 2 = Rejection, up to 7 = Full Agreement.
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	Mean ± STD	p
PBC	19.0	25.9	30.6	14.5	5.3	3.5	1.2	2.77 ± 1.35	p = 0.158
SBC	17.8	26.1	25.4	17.2	7.5	4.1	2.0	2.91 ± 1.46
male	6.6	38.0	29.6	12.0	7.7	3.6	2.6	2.97 ± 1.35	p = 0.002
female	22.5	21.8	27.2	17.3	6.0	3.9	1.3	2.79 ± 1.43
undergraduate	21.5	21.2	24.4	17.4	8.4	4.3	2.7	2.94 ± 1.55	p < 0.001
graduate	16.1	29.4	30.2	15.0	5.0	3.4	0.8	2.88 ± 1.30

* = non-significant after Bonverroni correction of alpha error.