Figure 2.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) measured using H₂DCFDA in N2a58 and N2a22L cell lines after treatment with the 0.5 × LD50 of Carnosic acid (CA) and Carnosol (CS) without (A) or following (B) pre-treatment with 600 μΜ H₂O₂ (2 replicates for each condition). 0.5 × LD50 was estimated at 14.84 μΜ for CA and 16.53 μΜ for CS for N2a58 and at 13.58 μΜ CA and 12.85 μΜ CS for N2a22L. The % ROS was calculated based on the maximum ROS production value (3 mM). Data represent means ± SD; stars denote statistical significance (unpaired, one-tailed, T-test); *: p-value < 0.05, **: p-value < 0.01, ***: p-value < 0.001. CA: dark grey, CS: light grey, Control: black.