Table 1.

Biomolecule composition of sEVs associated with inflammaging. CD14: monocyte differentiation antigen cluster of differentiation 14; IFITM3: interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3; NDUFS3: NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial; CD63/9: tetraspanin-30/29; CAVN1: caveolae-associated protein 1; TGFBI: transforming growth factor-beta 1; FABP-4: fatty-acid-binding protein-4; TAU: aggregation-competent Tau; GSTM2: glutathione S-transferase Mu 2; NAMPT: nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase; AD: Alzheimer’s disease; T2D:type 2 diabetes.

Nucleic Acids	Regulated in Inflammaging	sEVs	References
miR-23a-5p miR-137 miR-21-3p miR-17-3p	UP	Senescent fibroblasts	[36]
miR-192	UP	Serum from aged mice	[25]
miR-124-3p	DOWN	Microglial from AD and Parkinson’s patients	[37]
miR-21-5p miR-188	UP	Aged bone marrow MSCs	[27,33]
Long noncoding RNA PUNISHER	UP	Endothelial cells and blood from coronary artery disease patients	[39]
Long noncoding RNA ENSMUST00000122745	UP	Cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells and blood from cardiac fibrosis patients	[35]
DNA (genomic and mitochondrial)	UP	Listeria-infected murine embryonic fibroblasts	[42]
Proteins	Regulated in Inflammaging	sEVs	References
Aggregation-competent Tau	UP	Neurons from AD patients	[45]
TGFBI CAVN1 CD14 Mimecan Thrombospondin-1 FABP-4 AHNAK	UP	Morbid Obese Visceral (VAT) with T2D	[46]
ATP5A NDUFS3 SDHB CD9 CD63	DOWN	Blood from aged frailty and sarcopenia	[47]
IFITM3	UP	Senescent fibroblasts and serum from older people	[26]
NAMPT GSTM2	DOWN	Senescent fibroblasts and serum from older people	[9,50,51]
Lipids	Regulated in Inflammaging	sEVs	References
Plasmalogen glycerophosphoethanolamine	UP	Brain from AD patients	[54]
Polyunsaturated fatty acyl containing lipids	DOWN	Brain from AD patients	[54]
Amide-linked acyl chain content in sphingomyelin and ceramides	DOWN	Brain from AD patients	[54]