Table 2.

Group comparison of cognitive performance

	SIVD	AD	NC	ANCOVA		Post Hoc
	N = 42	N = 50	N = 30	p	${\eta }_p^2$
Global Cognition Status
Clinical Dementia Rating sum of box	4.6±3.71	5.0±2.89	0±0.0	< 0.001	0.13	SIVD/AD > NC
Mini-Mental State Exam	19±5.0	19±5.4	28±1.0	< 0.001	0.24	SIVD/AD < NC
Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument	63±14.5	59±18.2	89±4.6	< 0.001	0.24	SIVD/AD < NC
Domain-specific Evaluation
Memory	–0.8±3.63	–2.3±3.48	4.9±2.89	< 0.001	0.28	SIVD/AD < NC
Executive Function	–1.4±2.55	–0.6±2.57	3.7±1.43	< 0.001	0.32	SIVD < AD < NC
Attention	–1.3±2.30	–0.5±2.61	2.7±1.79	< 0.001	0.21	SIVD < AD < NC

Data are presented as mean±standard deviation. Groups are compared using the one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), controlling for age, education, and symptom duration. p values < 0.05 are marked in bold. Domain-specific evaluation is based on composite z scores: Memory = summation of (i) total immediate recall, (ii) best immediate recall, (iii) trial 4 (the last trial of recall), (iv) recall after 30 s, and (v) recall after 10 min of the Chinese Version Verbal Learning Test; Executive function = summation of (i) total score of the Taiwanese Frontal Assessment Battery, (ii) total score of the Digit Span Task, (iii) time on completion of the Color Trial Test 1, and (iv) time on completion of the Color Trial Test 2; Attention = summation of (i) number of correct answers and (ii) errors in the Symbol Digit Modality Test, and (iii) hit reaction time and (iv) number of errors in the Attention Network Test. SIVD, subcortical ischemic vascular disease; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; NC, normal cognition.