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. 2022 Apr 22;54(4):466–482. doi: 10.1038/s12276-022-00748-6

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Fig. 1 — Extracellular vesicles can be classified into three main classes: Exosome, exosomes are formed within the endosomal network and released upon fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) with the plasma membrane. Ectosomes, ectosomes are produced by outward budding and fission of the plasma membrane. Apoptotic bodies, apoptotic bodies are released as blebs of cells by apoptosis. Eukaryotic cells can release exosomes, ectosomes, and apoptotic bodies, whereas prokaryotic cells are able to secrete ectosomes and apoptotic bodies.