Table 3.

Biomarkers associated with cardiorenal syndrome types.

Cardiorenal Type	Biomarkers
1	BNP, NT-proBNP, creatinine, cystatin C, KIM-1, NGAL, MR-proADM, IL-6, IL-18,
2	BNP, NT-proBNP, creatinine, cystatin C, microalbuminuria, aldosterone, miRNA-21,NGAL, KIM-1
3	BNP, NT-proBNP, creatinine, cystanin C, NGAL, KIM-1, netrin-1, IL-6, IL-18,
4	BNP, NT-proBNP, creatinine, cystatin C, troponins, CRP, homocysteine, uric acid, microalbumineria, aldosterone
5	BNP, creatinine, procalcitonin, CRP, IL-6, TGF-beta, Gal-3, sST2

BNP: B-type natriuretic peptide; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; NGAL: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; KIM-1: kidney injury molecule 1; miRNA-21: microRNA 21; IL-18: interleukin-18; IL-6: interleukin-6; Gal-3: Galectin-3; CRP: C-reactive protein; sST-2: soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2; TGF-beta: transforming growth factor beta; MR-proADM: midregional proadrenomedullin.