Table A2.
PROBAST tool [65].
| Study | Risk of Bias (ROB) | Applicability | Overall | ||||||
| Participants | Predictors | Outcome | Analysis | Participants | Predictors | Outcome | ROB | Applicability | |
| Model-derivation studies | |||||||||
| NIEUWENHUIS et al., 1991 [28] | + | − | +/− | − | + | − | − | − | − |
| KUIJER et al., 1999 [33] | + | + | +/− | − | + | + | − | +/− | − |
| RIETE Ruiz-Giménez et al., 2008 [27] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | − |
| EINSTEIN Di Nisio et al., 2016 [37] | − | + | + | − | − | + | − | +/− | − |
| VTE-BLEED Klok et al., 2016 [29] | − | + | + | − | − | + | − | +/− | − |
| ACCP Kearon et al., 2016 [16] | n.a. | + | + | − | n.a. | + | − | +/− | − |
| NIETO 2010 [40] | +/− | + | +/− | − | + | + | − | +/− | − |
| SEILER 2017 [34] | +/− | + | + | − | − | + | − | +/− | − |
| HOKUSAI Di Nisio et al., 2017 [38] | − | + | + | − | − | + | − | +/− | − |
| Skowrońska et al., 2019 [30] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | − |
| MARTINEZ, 2019 [32] | + | + | +/− | − | − | + | − | +/− | − |
| Chopard et al., 2021 [31] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | − |
| Alonso et al., 2021 [39] | + | + | +/− | − | − | + | − | +/− | − |
| CAT-BLEED Winter et al., 2021 [33,41] | +/− | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
| Study | Risk of Bias (ROB) | Applicability | Overall | ||||||
| Participants | Predictors | Outcome | Analysis | Participants | Predictors | Outcome | ROB | Applicability | |
| Validation studies | |||||||||
| ACCP | |||||||||
| Scherz et al., 2013 [42] | +/− | + | + | − | +-/ | + | + | +/− | +/− |
| Poli et al., 2013 [44] | +/− | + | + | − | +/− | + | + | +/− | +/− |
| Riva et al., 2014 [46] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | − |
| Palareti et al., 2018 [48] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | − |
| Zhang et al., 2018 [53] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | − |
| Frei et al., 2021 [56] | − | + | + | − | − | + | − | +/− | − |
| De Winter et al., 2021 [36] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | +/− |
| KUIJER | |||||||||
| Scherz et al., 2013 [42] | +/− | + | + | − | +/− | + | + | +/− | − |
| Riva et al., 2014 [46] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | +/− |
| Piovella et al., 2014 [47] | + | + | +/− | − | + | + | − | +/− | − |
| Kline et al., 2016 [45] | + | + | + | − | − | + | − | + | − |
| Zhang et al., 2018 [53] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | − |
| Vedovati et al., 2019 [51] | + | + | + | − | − | + | − | + | − |
| Keller et al., 2021 [54] | + | + | +/− | − | − | + | − | +/− | − |
| Frei et al., 2021 [56] | − | + | + | − | − | + | − | +/− | − |
| De Winter et al., 2021 [36] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | +/− |
| RIETE | |||||||||
| Scherz et al., 2013 [42] | +/− | + | + | − | +/− | + | + | +/− | − |
| Poli et al., 2013 [44] | +/− | + | + | − | +/− | + | + | +/− | +/− |
| Riva et al., 2014 [46] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | +/− |
| Piovella et al., 2014 [47] | + | + | +/− | − | + | + | − | +/− | − |
| Kline et al., 2016 [45] | + | + | + | − | − | + | − | + | − |
| Vedovati et al., 2019 [51] | + | + | + | − | − | + | − | + | − |
| Zhang et al., 2018 [53] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | − |
| Skowrońska et al., 2019 [30] | + | + | + | − | + | + | +/− | + | +/− |
| Mathonier et al., 2021 [55] | + | + | +/− | − | + | + | − | +/− | − |
| Frei et al., 2021 [56] | − | + | + | − | − | + | − | +/− | − |
| De Winter et al., 2021 [36] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | +/− |
| NIETO | |||||||||
| Nieto et al., 2013 [43] | +/− | + | +/− | − | + | + | − | +/− | − |
| MARTNEZ | |||||||||
| De Winter et al., 2021 [36] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | +/− |
| SEILER | |||||||||
| Frei et al., 2021 [56] | − | + | + | − | − | + | − | +/− | − |
| NIEUWENHUIS | |||||||||
| Zhang et al., 2018 [53] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | − |
| HOKUSAI | |||||||||
| De Winter et al., 2021 [36] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | +/− |
| VTE BLEED | |||||||||
| Klok et al., 2017 [50] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | − |
| Rief et al., 2018 [49] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | − |
| Klok et al., 2018 [52] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | − |
| Skowrońska et al., 2019 [30] | + | + | + | − | + | + | +/− | + | +/− |
| Vedovati et al., 2019 [51] | + | + | + | − | − | + | − | + | − |
| Mathonier et al., 2021 [55] | + | + | +/− | − | + | + | − | +/− | − |
| Frei et al., 2021 [56] | − | + | + | − | − | + | − | +/− | − |
| De Winter et al., 2021 [36] | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | +/− |
Interpretation: + low risk of bias; − high risk of bias; +/− more or less risk of bias; n.a. not applicable.