Table 5.

Summary of the analyzed in vivo studies. Humans.

Reference	Sweeteners/Doses/Duration	Design	Results/Conclusions Saccharin and Sucralose
Serrano et al., 2021 [46]	Saccharin 400 mg/d/2 wk	Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled interventional study	↔gut microbiota
Ahmad et al., 2020 [59]	Sucralose and aspartame 20% ADI sucralose (~0.136 g sucralose)/14 d	Randomized, double-blind crossover (12 wk) and controlled clinical trial.	↔ gut microbiota ↔ SCFAs
Thomson et al., 2019 [60]	Sucralose 780 mg/d/7 d	Randomized, double-blind study	↔ gut microbiota
Suez et al., 2014 [34]	Saccharin FDA maximal ADI/7 d	Intervention study	Response according to basal microbiota

ADI: Acceptable daily intake; SCFA: short-chain fatty acid; d: day; wk: weeks. ↔: unmodified