| AhR | aryl hydrocarbon receptor |
| AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
| ANGPLT3 | Angiopoietin-like 3 |
| apo A-I | apolipoprotein A-I |
| ATF4 | Activating Transcription Factor 4 |
| C9orf72 | pharmacological inhibition of chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 |
| CART | cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript |
| CCL-2 | c-c motif chemokine ligand 2 |
| CHOP | C/EBP Homologous Protein |
| DM | Diabetes Mellitus |
| DPPIV | dipeptidyl peptidase IV |
| EcN-GM | Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 |
| EET | major epoxyeicosatrienoic acid |
| eGDR | estimated glucose disposal rate |
| FoxO1 | Forkhead box O1 |
| GABAA | γ-aminobutyric acid type a |
| GAL2 | saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| GLP-1 | glucagon-like peptide-1 |
| GLUT4 | glucose transporter type 4 |
| HbA1c | glycated hemoglobin |
| HFD | high-fat diet |
| HOMA-IR | homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance |
| ICAM-1 | intercellular adhesion molecule-1 |
| IR | insulin resistance |
| IRβ | insulin receptor β |
| JNK | c-jun n-terminal kinase |
| KAT7 | Lysine Acetyltransferase 7 |
| mTORC1 | rapamycin complex 1 |
| NADPH | nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate |
| NAFLD | non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| Nampt | nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase |
| NF-κβ | nuclear factor kappa B |
| Nogo | Reticulon-4 |
| p70S6K | ribosomal protein S6 kinase |
| P7C3 | pool 7, compound 3 |
| Pcyt2 | phosphate cytidylyltransferase 2 |
| p-eIF2α | Factor 2α |
| PIP5K1c | phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase type 1 gamma |
| PKCε | protein kinase C |
| Pparα | fatty acid oxidation |
| RAGE | receptor for advanced glycation end products |
| SCFA | short-chain fatty acids |
| siRNA | small interfering RNA |
| SP1 | specificity protein 1 |
| STZ | streptozotocin |
| SVF | stromal vascular fraction |
| T1DM | type 1 diabetes mellitus |
| T2DM | Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| TRB3 | Tribbles 3 |
| XBP1s | X Box Binding Protein 1 spliced |