| BMD | bone mineral density |
| DBP | vitamin D-binding protein |
| DMARDs | disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs |
| FGF23 | fibroblast growth factor 23 |
| IFN | interferon |
| IgE | immunoglogulin E |
| IL | interleukin |
| JIA | juvenile idiopathic arthritis |
| NETs | neutrophil extracellular traps |
| NOD2 | oligomerization domain containing 2 |
| OPG | osteoprotegerin |
| PD-L1 | programmed death-ligand 1 |
| PTH | parathyroid hormone |
| RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
| RANK | receptor activator of NFκB |
| RANKL | RANK ligand |
| SOSC | suppressor of cytokine signaling |
| Th1 | type 1 helper T cells |
| Th17 | type 17 helper T cells |
| Th2 | type 2 helper T cells |
| Tregs | regulatory T cells |
| TLR | Toll-like receptor |
| TNF | tumor necrosis factor |
| UVB | ultraviolet B |
| VDREs | vitamin D response elements |
| VDRs | vitamin D receptors |