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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Apr 22.
Published in final edited form as: Exp Cell Res. 2020 Oct 29;397(1):112348. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112348

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Loss of Bmal1 in mdx mice impairs muscle mass and attenuates muscle strength. (A-C) reduced total body weight (A), lean muscle mass (B) as measured by NMR analysis in 20-week-old mdx mutant and BmKO/mdx mice (n=5/group). (C) Wet tissue weight of dissected individual muscle groups in 20-week-old mdx and BmKO/mdx mice (n=11/group). (D) Muscle function as measured by forearm grip strength in 20-week-old mdx mutant (n=11) and BmKO/mdx mice (n=6). (E) Bmal1-deficiency in mdx mice progressively increases creatine kinase activity in mice of 8, 12 and 20 weeks of age (n=5-10/group). (F) Representative images of IgG immunofluorescence staining in complete stitched TA muscle crossed sections of mdx and BmKO/mdx mice. (Blue: nuclear DAPI, Green: IgG staining of necrotic myofibers, Red: laminin). (G) Kaplan-Meyer survival curve analyses of lifespan in BmKO/mdx mice (n=77) as compared with mdx mice (n=60).