Table 2.

Positive results of RT-qPCR among blood samples (first panel) from birds collected in three regions of Germany from 2019 to 2020 with the relevant flavivirus highlighted in red. The 2019 results include five WNV RNA positive samples from ten clinically affected free-ranging northern goshawks, which have already been reported [56].

Year	Region	Order	Common Name	Scientific Name	No. Tested Birds	Migration Pattern	Housing	WNV RT-qPCR No. Pos. (%)	USUV RT-qPCR No. Pos. (%)
2019	B	Accipitriformes	Northern Goshawk	Accipiter gentilis	18	R, P	wild	5 (27.8)	0 (0)
		Passeriformes	Eurasian Blackbird	Turdus merula	5	R, P	wild	0 (0)	1 (20)
			Hooded Crow	Corvus cornix	13	R, (S)	wild	1 (7.7)	0 (0)
		Pelecaniformes	Grey Heron	Ardea cinerea	5	R, P, S	wild	1 (20)	0 (0)
	C	Accipitriformes	Common Buzzard	Buteo buteo	34	R, P, S	wild	0 (0)	3 (8.8)
			Harris’s Hawk	Parabuteo unicinctus	14	zoo bird	captive	0 (0)	1 (7.1)
			Northern Goshawk	Accipiter gentilis	8	R, P	wild	0 (0)	1 (12.5)
			Steppe Eagle	Aquila nipalensis	4	zoo bird	captive	0 (0)	1 (25)
			European Honey Buzzard	Pernis apicorus	3	L	wild	0 (0)	1 (33.3)
		Columbiformes	Common Wood Pigeon	Columba palumbus	42	R, P, S	wild	0 (0)	6 (14.3)
		Passeriformes	Thrush	Turdus sp.	4	S, L	wild	0 (0)	1 (25)
			Eurasian Blackbird	Turdus merula	29	R, P	wild	0 (0)	4 (13.8)
			Carrion Crow	Corvus corone	23	R, (S)	wild	0 (0)	2 (8.7)
			House Sparrow	Passer domesticus	7	R	wild	0 (0)	1 (14.3)
		Pelecaniformes	Grey Heron	Ardea cinerea	6	R, P, S	wild	0 (0)	1 (16.7)
		Strigiformes	Eurasian Tawny Owl	Strix aluco	12	R	wild	0 (0)	2 (16.7)
			Great Grey Owl	Strix nebulosa	2	zoo bird	captive	0 (0)	1 (50)
In Total in 2019					964			7 (0.7)	26 (2.7)
2020	A	Passeriformes	Eurasian Blackbird	Turdus merula	29	R, P	wild	0 (0)	1 (3.4)
	B	Accipitriformes	Northern Goshawk	Accipiter gentilis	31	R, P	wild	10 (32.3)	1 (3.3)
		Columbiformes	Common Wood Pigeon	Columba palumbus	60	R, P, S	wild	0 (0)	3 (5)
		Passeriformes	Hooded Crow	Corvus cornix	32	R, (S)	wild	2 (6.3)	0 (0)
			Great Tit	Parus major	1	R, (P)	wild	0 (0)	1 (100)
	C	Accipitriformes	Harris’s Hawk	Parabuteo unicinctus	7	zoo bird	captive	0 (0)	1 (14.3)
			Northern Goshawk	Accipiter gentilis	10	R, P	wild	0 (0)	1 (10)
		Anseriformes	Mute Swan	Cyngus olor	2	R, P, S	wild	0 (0)	1 (50)
		Columbiformes	Common Wood Pigeon	Columba palumbus	165	R, P, S	wild	0 (0)	2 (1.2)
		Passeriformes	Eurasian Blackbird	Turdus merula	37	R, P	wild	0 (0)	5 (13.5)
In Total in 2020					1348			12 (0.9)	16 (1.2)

Note: R = resident species; P = partial migrants; S = short-distance migrants; L = long-distance migrants.