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Fat tissue inflammation and adiponectin dysregulation in metabolic syndrome. (a) In lean individuals, adipose tissue contains few M2 macrophages and adipocytes produce high levels of adiponectin. Their insulin levels and sensitivity are regulated and result in normal glucose levels. (b) Individuals with metabolic dysfunction present with inflamed metabolic tissues with fat deposition and ROS production, which result in reduced cell viability and insulin resistance/high glucose levels.
