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. 2022 Apr 11;23(8):4239. doi: 10.3390/ijms23084239

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The effects of M-MWCNT on macrophage proliferation and cytokines secretion. (a). M-MWCNT, C-MWCNT, and mannose cytotoxicity on macrophages (a). IL-1β secretion levels of macrophages (b). IL-6 secretion levels of macrophages (c). Significant differences are indicated by different letters (a–f). The data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3) analyzed by one-way ANOVA and then Duncan’s multiple-range tests. Different letters (a, b, c, and d) above each group of bars indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.05).