Table 3.
Overview of polymeric NPs: structure, pH sensitization method, tumor type, and delivered drug.
| First Author | Publication Year | Structure of NPs | pH Sensitization Method | Tumor Type | Drug |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adeyemi [19] | 2019 | FA-chitosan-PEG-polyethylenimine | pH-triggered structural changes | KYSE 30 scuamos cell carcinoma | Endostatin |
| Cao [21] | 2019 | TAT peptide-polyphosphoester | pH sensitive transactivator of transcription (TAT) | MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cell line | Doxorubicin |
| Chen [23] | 2018 | lactobionic acid-chitosan-lipoic acid | pH-labile amide linkers | HepG2 liver cancer | Doxorubicin |
| Chen [25] | 2020 | TPGS-HA polymer-PEG | hydrophobic to hydrophilic transition | PC3 prostate cancer | Docetaxel |
| Cheng [30] | 2019 | Poly(ortho ester urethanes) copolymers | pH-labile borate ester linkers | MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line | Doxorubicin |
| Cheng [28] | 2018 | carboxymethyl chitosan | pH-labile hydrazone linkers | MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line | Doxorubicin |
| Cui [31] | 2017 | transferrin-PEG | pH-labile hydrazone linkers | MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line | Doxorubicin |
| Debele [32] | 2017 | PEG-methacrylamide-tocopheryl succinate-histidine | pH-labile imidazole linkers | HCT116 colon carcinoma | Doxorubicin |
| Deng [33] | 2019 | PEG-methylpropenoic acid-glycerol-cinnamaldehyde | pH-labile cinnamylaldehyde linkers | 4T1 breast carcinoma cell line | Doxorubicin |
| Du [36] | 2017 | PEG-PTTMA | PTTMA disassembly in acidic pH | HeLa cervival cancer | siRNA |
| Fan [39] | 2017 | polyethylenimine-PEG | pH-labile borate ester linkers | 4T1 breast carcinoma cell line | siRNA |
| Fang [40] | 2020 | chitosan-polysaccharide | pH-labile borate ester linkers | PANC-1 pancreatic cancer | Curcumin |
| Feng [41] | 2020 | PEG-PAH-DMA | pH-triggered structural changes | A549 NSLC cell line | Paclitaxel |
| Gao [44] | 2017 | poly (L-γ-glutamylcarbocistein-RBC membrane | pH-triggered structural changes | NCI-H460 cell line | Paclitaxel |
| Gibbens-Bandala [45] | 2019 | PLGA-polyvinyl alcohol | hydrophobic to hydrophilic transition | MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cell line | Paclitaxel |
| Gong [47] | 2018 | PEG-PPMT | hydrophobic to hydrophilic transition | CT-26 colon carcinoma | Docetaxel |
| Guo [49] | 2018 | PBLG-Sericin | pH-labile carboxyl linkers | A549 NSLC cell line | Methotrexate |
| Guo [51] | 2020 | DMA-PEG | pH-triggered structural changes | MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line | Doxorubicin |
| Hong [53] | 2019 | U11 peptide-PLGA | pH-triggered structural changes | A549 NSLC cell line | Doxorubicin and Curcumin |
| Jin [57] | 2018 | PEI-PLA | pH-triggered structural changes | A549 NSLC cell line | Paclitaxel |
| Jung [58] | 2020 | PBA | pH-labile borate ester linkers | MG glioblastoma | Doxorubicin |
| Khan [61] | 2020 | PLGA | pH-triggered structural changes | MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line | Doxorubicin |
| Kou [64] | 2017 | lactose myristoyl carboxymethyl chitosan | pH-triggered structural changes | Huh-7 hepatocellular carcinoma | Adriamycin |
| Lee [66] | 2018 | chitosan-PEG-acetyl histidine | pH-triggered structural changes | CT-26 Pulmonary Metastasis Model | Piperlongumine |
| Li [70] | 2018 | DGL-PEG-Tat-KK-DMA | pH-labile amide linkers | HepG2 liver cancer | Doxorubicin |
| Li [73] | 2020 | RGD-PEG-Arginine-SA | pH-labile hydrazone linkers | HN6 squamos cell carcinoma | GNA002 |
| Li [75] | 2021 | PDA-HA | pH-labile PDA coating | 4T1 breast carcinoma cell line | Cisplatin |
| Liu [79] | 2018 | polycarbonate-PEG | pH-labile acetal linkers | BT 474 breast carcinoma | Bortezomib |
| Luo [87] | 2021 | PEG-TAT-HA | pH-triggered structural changes | H22 hepatocellular carcinoma | Disulfiram |
| Mhatre [89] | 2021 | polydopamine | pH-triggered structural changes | MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cell line | Niclosamide |
| Palanikumar [96] | 2020 | ATRAM-BSA-PLGA | pH-labile ester bonds | MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line | Doxorubicin |
| Qu [100] | 2018 | carboxymethyl chitosan | pH-labile phenylboronic acid pinacol ester | HepG2 liver cancer | Doxorubicin |
| Quadir [101] | 2017 | PEG-PPLG | pH-labile amine linkers | MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line | Doxorubicin |
| Ray [102] | 2020 | PEG | pH-labile amine linkers | PANC-1 pancreatic cancer | Gemcitabine |
| Saravankumar [103] | 2019 | APT-PLGA-PVP-AS1411 aptamet | pH-triggered structural changes | A549 NSLC cell line | Doxorubicin |
| Shi [105] | 2018 | PEG-PLH | pH-labile PSD linker | A549 NSLC cell line | siRNA |
| Shi [106] | 2021 | PEG-PLL-DMA | pH-labile amide linkers | A549 NSLC cell line | siRNA |
| Soe [107] | 2019 | poloxamer-Tf-EDC-NHS | NR | MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cell line | Doxorubicin |
| Su [108] | 2020 | PEG-PMT | pH-labile tioether linkers | Colon26 cell line | Docetaxel |
| Wang [113] | 2017 | RGD-PLGA-PEG | pH-labile amine linkers | MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line | Doxorubicin |
| Wang [115] | 2018 | chitosan-graphene oxide | pH-triggered structural changes (less electrostatic interaction | HepG2 liver cancer | Doxorubicin |
| Wei [118] | 2020 | PEG | pH-labile amine linkers (schiff base) | B16F10 melanoma | Doxorubicin |
| Xiong [122] | 2019 | TPGS-PEG | pH-labile hydrazone linkers | MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line | Doxorubicin |
| Xu [123] | 2018 | DTPA-PEG-DMA | pH labine amine linkers | PC3 prostate cancer | Doxorubicin |
| Xu [124] | 2021 | chitosan | pH-labile ester linkers | HepG2 liver cancer | Doxorubicin |
| Yadav [125] | 2020 | RGD-chitosan-Cy5.5 | pH-labile amine linkers | MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cell line | Raloxifene |
| Yan [126] | 2017 | POEAd-galactose-LA | pH-labile ester linkers | HepG2 liver cancer | Doxorubicin |
| Yang [127] | 2018 | glycol Chitosan-PDPA | hydrophobic to hydrophilic transition (PDPA) | MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line | Paclitaxel |
| Yu [128] | 2019 | PLGA-CPT-DMMA-PEI | pH-triggered structural changes | MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line | Doxorubicin |
| Zhang [129] | 2017 | TPGS-MSN | pH-labile ester linkers | SMMC 7721 hepatocellular carcinoma | Doxorubicin |
| Zhang [131] | 2018 | DMA-Cystamine-PEG | pH-labile ester linkers | A549 NSLC cell line | Paclitaxel |
| Zhou [138] | 2020 | polyphosphazene | pH-labile hydrazone linkers | HeLa cervival cancer | Doxorubicin |
Legend: FA, folic acid; TPGS, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate; HA, hyaluronic acid; PEG, polyethylene glycol; PTTMA, poly(2,4,6-trimethoxybenzylidene-1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)ethane methacrylate; DMA, dimethylmaleic acid; PAH, polyallylamine; RBC, red blood cell; PLGA, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid); PPMT, poly(o-pentadecalactone-co-N-methyldiethyleneamineco-3,30-thiodipropionate; PBLG, poly(c-benzyl-L-glutamate); U11 peptide, urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) targeting peptide; PEI, polyethyleneimine; PLA, polylactic acid; PBA, phenylboronic acid; DGL, dendrigraft poly-L-lysine; TAT, tumor-associated antigens; RGD, arginine–glycine–aspartic peptide; DTPA, 3,3′-dithiodipropionic acid; Cy5.5, cyanine; SA, stearic acid; PDA, hydrochloride dopamine; ATRAM, acidity-triggered rational membrane peptide; BSA, bovine serum albumin; PPLG, poly (γ-propargyl L-glutamate); APT, aptamer; PVP, poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone); PLH, poly(L-histidine); PLL, poly-L-lysine; EDC, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride; NHS, N-hydroxysuccinimide; PMT, poly(ω-pentadecalactone-co-N-methyldiethyleneaminesebacate-co-2,2’-thiodiethylene sebacate); DTPA, 3,3′-dithiodipropionic acid; POEAd, poly(ortho ester diamide); LA, lactobionic acid; PDPA, poly(2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate); CPT, C18-PEG2000-TPP.